Recent studies have demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- α stimulates the secretion
of interleukin (IL)-6 and regulated on activation, normal T cells expressed and secreted (…

A novel strain of human coronaviruses, named by the International Committee on
Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) 1 as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), …

Human vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration contribute to vascular remodeling
in pulmonary hypertension and atherosclerosis. The precise mechanisms that regulate …

Background Deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2 (DADA2) is a syndrome with pleiotropic
manifestations including vasculitis and hematologic compromise. A systematic definition of …

Background Inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) are a heterogeneous group of genetic defects
of immunity, which cause high rates of morbidity and mortality mainly among children due to …

Hyperplasia and cell migration of smooth muscle are features of both airway and pulmonary
vascular diseases. The precise cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate smooth …

The introduction of personalized medicine (PM) has been a milestone in the history of medical
therapy, because it has revolutionized the previous approach of treating the disease with …

Air pollution causes significant morbidity and mortality in patients with inflammatory airway
diseases (IAD) such as allergic rhinitis (AR), chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), asthma, and …

Background Many patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) do not achieve complete
control of their symptoms with current available treatments. In a dose-finding phase 2b …

Older adults, especially men and/or those with diabetes, hypertension, and/or obesity, are
prone to severe COVID‐19. In some countries, older adults, particularly those residing in …