RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Synergistic efficacies of thymoquinone and standard antibiotics against multi-drug resistant isolates
JF Saudi Medical Journal
JO Saudi Med J
FD Prince Sultan Military Medical City
SP 196
OP 204
DO 10.15537/smj.2021.2.25706
VO 42
IS 2
A1 Dera, Ayed A.
A1 Ahmad, Irfan
A1 Rajagopalan, Prasanna
A1 Shahrani, Mesfer Al
A1 Saif, Ahmed
A1 Alshahrani, Mohammad Y.
A1 Alraey, Yasser
A1 Alamri, Ahmad M.
A1 Alasmari, Sultan
A1 Makkawi, Mohammed
A1 Alkhathami, Ali G.
A1 Zaman, Gaffar
A1 Hakami, Abdulrahim
A1 Alhefzi, Razan
A1 Alfhili, Mohammad A.
YR 2021
UL http://smj.org.sa/content/42/2/196.abstract
AB Objectives: To explore the antibacterial activity of thymoquinone (TQ), a quinone extracted from Nigella sativa.Methods: This study was conducted from May 2019 to March 2020 at the Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia. The antimicrobial activity, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of TQ were determined using an agar well diffusion method and broth microdilution assays, and the synergistic effect was evaluated using antibiotics in parallel. The disruptive effect of TQ on bacterial cell membranes was determined using scanning electron microscopy. The antivirulence properties of TQ, which include adherence and biofilm formation, were also investigated using adherence and biofilm formation assays, respectively.Results: Thymoquinone demonstrated bactericidal efficacy against 4/14 bacterial strains, with MIC range of 1.04-8.3 µg/mL and and MBC range of 10.41–66.66 µg/mL. Thymoquinone showed synergism against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis (American Type Culture Collection 12228), Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis in combination with the tested antibiotics. Thymoquinone inhibited bacterial adhesion by 39%-54%, 48%-68%, and 61%-81% at 0.5 × MIC, 1 × MIC, and 2 × MIC, respectively. The tested bacterial strains significantly inhibited biofilm formation after treatment with various concentrations of TQ for 24 and 48 hours.Conclusion: The combinatory effect of TQ with antimicrobials should be considered when developing new antimicrobial therapy regimens to overcome multidrug-resistant.