RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Immunity status in children with Bacille Calmette-Guerin adenitis. A prospective study in Tehran, Iran
JF Saudi Medical Journal
JO Saudi Med J
FD Prince Sultan Military Medical City
SP 1719
OP 1724
VO 27
IS 11
A1 Samileh, Noorbakhsh
A1 Ahmad, Siadati
A1 Farzaneh, Ashtiani
A1 Shahnaz, Rimaz
A1 Lida, Fereidoni
A1 Mohammad, Nikbin
YR 2006
UL http://smj.org.sa/content/27/11/1719.abstract
AB OBJECTIVE: To determine the immunity status of children with Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) lymphadenitis (patient group) and unaffected children (control group) in Iran.METHODS: We performed this longitudinal case-control study on 75 children between 2 months to 14 years old in Rasool Akram and Markaz Tebbi Hospital, Tehran, Iran during the period of 2 years (2000-2002).RESULTS: Ninety percent of patients had normal immunoglobulin, 10% had low level, 96.1% had normal nitro blue tetrazolium test and 3.9% had lower activity. There was a significant difference in the total lymphocyte CD3, CD8, CD19, CD16/CD56 and natural killers (NK) cell but no significant difference in the CD4/CD8 ratio and CD4 between case (n=75) and control (n=100) groups. Thirty-eight cases with mild lymphopenia, isolated CD4, CD3, CD19, NK cells (CD16/CD56) deficiency in 3 (22%); idiopathic disseminated BCG infection (unknown immunodeficiency type) in 3 (22%) patients were observed. Thirty-eight cases were diagnosed as mild immune deficient without any previous recurrent infections (mild lymphopenia; Isolated CD4; CD3 or CD19 deficiency. Natural killers (CD16/CD56) deficiency in 3 (22%); idiopathic disseminated BCG infection (unknown immunodeficiency type) in 3 (22%) patients. The natural killers (CD16/CD56) deficient cases responded well to 3 antimycobacterial drugs without immunomodulator. Natural killers cell deficiency not yet reported as a risk factor for progression and complication of BCG infection. All cases of idiopathic disseminated BCG infection (unknown immunodeficiency type) with nonlethal and indulgent BCG infections responded well to needle aspiration and antimycobacterial drugs with immunomodulator (gamma interferon).CONCLUSION: In cases with multiple and recurrent BCG lymphadenitis without any previous recurrent infection complete immunological studies should be carried out. Most cases with mild immune deficiency usually response well to needle aspiration alone or combine with antimycobacterial drugs. The combination of IFN-gamma and chemotherapy in cases of idiopathic disseminated infections caused by BCG and without previous recurrent other infection except mycobacterium species, can limit the disease.