PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Amal A. Bukhari
TI  - Management options of acquired punctal stenosis
DP  - 2013 Aug 01
TA  - Saudi Medical Journal
PG  - 785--792
VI  - 34
IP  - 8
4099  - http://smj.org.sa/content/34/8/785.short
4100  - http://smj.org.sa/content/34/8/785.full
SO  - Saudi Med J2013 Aug 01; 34
AB  - Punctal stenosis is a frequent source of patients referral to the otoplasty clinic and the search for a procedure that can permanently eliminate epiphora without disturbing the normal lacrimal system anatomy and physiology started centuries ago and continues today. The following article summarizes the reported procedures in the English literature in the acquired punctal stenosis with a description of techniques, success rates, and potential complications with the goal of identifying the most effective treatment strategy based on the current knowledge available.