TY - JOUR T1 - The combinatorial use of propofol-fentanyl-ketamine for sedoanalgesia in patients undergoing urological procedures JF - Saudi Medical Journal JO - Saudi Med J SP - 629 LP - 635 DO - 10.15537/smj.2021.42.6.20210071 VL - 42 IS - 6 AU - Abdelkarim S. Aloweidi AU - Sami A. Abu-Halaweh AU - Ghazi M. Al-Edwan AU - Saddam H. AL Demour AU - Laith T. Abu Mahfuz AU - Osama N. Noubani AU - Mohammad M. Al Rwaidi AU - Isam K. Bsisu AU - Mohammad M. Abufaraj Y1 - 2021/06/01 UR - http://smj.org.sa/content/42/6/629.abstract N2 - Objectives: To compare sedoanalgesia achieved using propofol-fentanyl-ketamine (PFK) combination with general anesthesia (GA) in terms of safety, hemodynamic stability, and perioperative complications.Methods: Patients in the GA group were anesthetized using fentanyl (2 μg kg-1) and propofol (2 mg kg-1). The PFK group was anesthetized using a mixture of which each one ml contains 0.005 mg of fentanyl, 5 mg of propofol, 5 mg of ketamine, and 2 mg of lidocaine. Patients received an initial dose of 0.05 ml kg-1, followed by 0.05 mg kg-1 60 seconds later. Maintenance boluses of 0.025 ml kg-1 were administered every 3-5 minutes. Respiration occurred spontaneously through a simple face mask with 3 L min-1 O2.Results: The GA group had 37 (37%) patients develop hypotensive episodes, compared to one (1%) episode in the PFK group (p<0.001). Five (5%) patients in the PFK group had an episode of transient O2 desaturation, compared to one (1%) patient in the GA group (p=0.212). The duration of induction and termination of anesthesia were significantly shorter in the PFK group (p<0.001).Conclusion: The PFK combination herein described is safe, effective, and provides intraoperative hemodynamic stability in patients with multiple comorbidities undergoing urological procedures. ER -