@article {Husain1209, author = {Salina Husain and Irfan Affandi Hamid and Farah Dayana Zahedi and Aneeza Khairiyah Wan Hamizan}, title = {Normative data of olfactory abilities using cultural adaption Sniffin{\textquoteright} sticks smell test in different age groups}, volume = {42}, number = {11}, pages = {1209--1216}, year = {2021}, doi = {10.15537/smj.2021.42.11.20210529}, publisher = {Saudi Medical Journal}, abstract = {Objectives: To assess olfactory abilities using a culturally adapted Sniffin{\textquoteright} Sticks smell test in different age groups.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, conducted at Otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinic of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Secondary Science School, and Children Learning Centre in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, from August 2019 until December 2021.Results: In 450 healthy participants, the cut-off points of the threshold discrimination identification (TDI) scores at the 10th percentile for olfactory abilities were 19 in children, 30.1 in adolescents, 32.1 in young adults, 31.1 in middle-aged adults, and 28.6 in older adults. The children had significantly lower olfactory abilities, with the Bonferroni post-hoc tests of p\<0.001. The young adults had higher olfactory abilities than older adults (p\<0.05). The results showed that the identification score was highest in middle-aged adults (p\<0.001). The discrimination score was the highest in young adults (p\<0.001). The best odor threshold performance was observed in adolescents (p\<0.001). The TDI score showed a significant difference in olfactory abilities between men and women (p=0.001).Conclusion: Using a culturally adapted smell test, our population was able to identify, discriminate, and perceive odorants better than the European population. This data will help clinicians and researchers with a tool to reliably establish the correct results of olfactory function in our population. Women had better olfactory abilities than men.}, issn = {0379-5284}, URL = {https://smj.org.sa/content/42/11/1209}, eprint = {https://smj.org.sa/content/42/11/1209.full.pdf}, journal = {Saudi Medical Journal} }