PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Alshahrani, Adil M.
AU  - Bakheet, Omayma S
AU  - Makkawi, Mohammed H.
AU  - Alasmari, Sultan Z.
TI  - Hematological malignancies
AID  - 10.15537/smj.2024.45.3.20230776
DP  - 2024 Mar 01
TA  - Saudi Medical Journal
PG  - 295--306
VI  - 45
IP  - 3
4099  - http://smj.org.sa/content/45/3/295.short
4100  - http://smj.org.sa/content/45/3/295.full
SO  - Saudi Med J2024 Mar 01; 45
AB  - Objectives: To determine the prevalence of leukemia in the Aseer region of Saudi Arabia and the importance of hematological, biochemical and coagulation profiles for leukemic patients in the context of disease management.Methods: This retrospective study comprised 210 patients between 2012 and 2022 who had been diagnosed with leukemia at different ages. The multiple unpaired t-test was used to compare leukemic patients with control samples, which consisted of healthy individuals, and p<0.05 was taken as significant. The data was compiled from Aseer Central Hospital in the Aseer region and collected through peripheral blood smear and bone marrow biopsy (2012-2017) or by flow cytometry (2018-2022), according to the hospital information system and registry data.Results: Of the total 210 leukemic patients (61.4% males and 38.6% females), 104 cases (2012-2017) were diagnosed based on peripheral blood smear and bone marrow biopsy, and 106 cases (2018-2022) based on flow cytometry. Fifteen subtypes of leukemia were identified, with chronic myeloid leukemia being the most common (34.2%), followed by acute myeloid leukemia (17.6%), chronic lymphoblastic leukemia (11.9%), and B-cell acute lymphoid leukemia (9.5%). Other rare cases were also found.Conclusion: Of the 210 leukemia cases diagnosed in the Aseer region between 2012-2022, the most common subtype was chronic myeloid leukemia, followed by acute myeloid leukemia. In all leukemia subtypes, distinctive significant changes were observed in hematological parameters, biochemical parameters, and coagulation profiles.