RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Central nervous system manifestations of tuberous sclerosis complex
JF Saudi Medical Journal
JO Saudi Med J
FD Prince Sultan Military Medical City
SP 1245
OP 1252
DO 10.15537/smj.2024.45.11.20240444
VO 45
IS 11
A1 Aden, Munira
A1 Fawzi, Mahmoud O.
A1 Prosser, Debra
A1 Ather, Muhammad
A1 Raja, Mehak
A1 Ederies, Moegamad A.
A1 Al-Kharazi, Khalid
A1 Maaz, Ata U.
YR 2024
UL http://smj.org.sa/content/45/11/1245.abstract
AB Objectives: To review the clinical and radiological correlation of the central nervous system manifestations of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC).Methods: All patients under the age of 18 years with TSC seen at the Department of Pediatrics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar, between January 2003 and February 2021 were included in this retrospective study. Severity of epilepsy was determined using the early childhood epilepsy severity score (E-CHESS) tool.Results: The study sample included 38 patients (50% male), 8 (21%) of whom were native to Qatar. The median age at diagnosis was 4 (range: 0-72) months. A family history of TSC was present in 10 (26%) cases, while 33 (86%) patients had a TSC2 gene mutation. Common presentations included seizures (79%), rhabdomyoma (26%), and developmental delay (13%). On MRI scans, cortical tubers were seen in all patients, subependymal nodules in 37 (97%), and subependymal giant cell astrocytoma was diagnosed in 8 (21%) cases. A total of 30 children developed epilepsy, 9 of whom had favorable and 21 had unfavorable E-CHESS scores, and 6 required pharmaceutical management. A total of 13 children were diagnosed with autistic spectrum disorder and 12 with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Conclusion: Multidisciplinary management and further research is needed to optimize the care and quality of life of TSC affected individuals and their families.