RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Group A Streptococcal bacteraemia JF Saudi Medical Journal JO Saudi Med J FD Prince Sultan Military Medical City SP 1034 OP 1037 DO 10.15537/smj.2017.10.20966 VO 38 IS 10 A1 Fawzyh J. Al-Khadidi A1 Mohammed A. AlSheheri A1 Tariq S. AlFawaz A1 Mushira A. Enani A1 Abdulaziz A. AlAqeel A1 Dayel A. AlShahrani YR 2017 UL http://smj.org.sa/content/38/10/1034.abstract AB Objectives: To identify clinical presentation, predisposing factors, and the outcome in patients with Group A Streptococcal bacteremia.Methods: This is a retrospective study of 33 pediatric and adult patients with Streptococcus pyogenes bacteremia, admitted at King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from 2007 to 2015.Results: Thirty-three patient records, documenting bacteremia with group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus, were reviewed. Approximately 51.5% were pediatric and 48.5% were adult patients, with a male to female ratio of 2:1. The most frequently reported complications were renal impairment (45.5%) and acute respiratory distress (21.2%), followed by localized infection (15.2%), pleural effusion (6.1%), abscess (9.1%), necrotizing fasciitis (9.1%), septic arthritis, and osteomyelitis (3%). There were 10 episodes of shock: 6 were in pediatric and 4 were in adult patients. At the end of the study period, 12.1% patients died from the illness, 81.1% recovered from illness with no sequelae, while 6.1% recovered with sequelae. Mortality was observed in 4 patients; of them, 3 were pediatric patients and one was an adult with co-morbidities.Conclusions: We have noted a minimal change in the disease pattern over the 28 years in Saudi Arabia. The management of invasive GAS infection depends on an accurate and timely diagnosis with an appropriate use of antimicrobial therapy. The highest risks appear to be related to chronic illness. Invasive Group A Streptococcal infection is known to have a high mortality rate.