PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Farah, Sara M.
AU  - Alshehri, Mohammed A.
AU  - Alfawaz, Tariq S.
AU  - Alasmeri, Faisal A.
AU  - Alageel, Abdulaziz A.
AU  - Alshahrani, Dayel A.
TI  - Trends in antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
AID  - 10.15537/smj.2019.3.23947
DP  - 2019 Mar 01
TA  - Saudi Medical Journal
PG  - 252--259
VI  - 40
IP  - 3
4099  - http://smj.org.sa/content/40/3/252.short
4100  - http://smj.org.sa/content/40/3/252.full
SO  - Saudi Med J2019 Mar 01; 40
AB  - Objectives: To describe and interpret local antibiograms from a single tertiary care center to monitor the trends of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns and establish baseline data for further surveillance.Methods: We performed a retrospective descriptive review of antibiograms data between January 2010 and December 2015 from King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.Results: A total of 51,491 isolates were identified, and most were gram-negative (76.2%). Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated organism (36.8%), followed by Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (28.4%) and Staphylococcus aureus (27.5%). The detection of antibiotic-resistant organisms, especially extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (31%-41%), increased over time. The sensitivity of Streptococcus pneumoniae to penicillin improved from 66% to 100% (p<0.001). Gram-negative isolates had excellent overall susceptibility to amikacin, variable susceptibility to piperacillin-tazobactam and carbapenems, and declining susceptibility to ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, and cefepime.Conclusion: Streptococcus pneumoniae susceptibility to penicillin significantly improved over time, which might be because of the introduction of the pneumococcal vaccine. Conversely, the upward trend in resistant gram-negative organisms is worrisome and warrants the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship programs.