PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Canbay, Ozgur
AU  - Karakas, Ozlem
AU  - Celebi, Nalan
AU  - Peker, Lutfiye
AU  - Coskun, Fehmi
AU  - Aypar, Ulku
TI  - The preemptive use of diclofenac sodium in combination with ketamine and remifentanil does not enhance postoperative analgesia after laparoscopic gynecological procedures
DP  - 2006 May 01
TA  - Saudi Medical Journal
PG  - 642--645
VI  - 27
IP  - 5
4099  - http://smj.org.sa/content/27/5/642.short
4100  - http://smj.org.sa/content/27/5/642.full
SO  - Saudi Med J2006 May 01; 27
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the preemptive effects of diclofenac sodium, in combination with remifentanil and ketamine.METHODS: A prospective, randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial was carried out at the Hacettepe University Hospital, Ankara, Turkey from September to December 2004. Forty-three, American Society of Anesthesiology physical status group I-II women, aged >18 years, who would undergo both diagnostic and operative laparoscopic surgery were randomly assigned into 2 groups. All patients received intraoperative 0.1 ugr.kg-1min-1 remifentanil infusion. Diclofenac (1 mg.kg-1 intramuscular) was administered, 20 minutes before the operation. Ketamine (0.8 mg.kg-1 intravenously) was administered 5 minutes before the skin incision and at completion of skin closure. We divided the patients into 2 groups; Group I (diclofenac + remifentanil + ketamine), Group II (remifentanil + ketamine). Pain was evaluated postoperatively using the visual analogue scale (VAS) while global satisfaction by verbal rating scale (VRS).RESULTS: All 43 female patients have a mean ± SD age of 32.3 ± 6.5 years, height of 163 ± 5.3 cm, and weight of 62.9 ± 9.5 kg. The VAS and VRS scores and also time to first analgesic request were not different between the groups. In all groups, >98% of the patients were satisfied or very satisfied.CONCLUSION: We have not found any preemptive or additive effect of diclofenac sodium with the concomitant use of ketamine.