- Characteristics of excluded studies.
| Study | Year | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|---|
| Alemam et al23 | 2019 | No control group |
| Al-Waili24 | 2004 | No control group |
| Arani et al25 | 2018 | Inappropriate comparator intervention (honey in both arms) |
| Bekkaye et al26 | 2016 | No control group |
| Bhatti et al27 | 2016 | No control group |
| Derakhshandeh-Rishehri et al28 | 2014 | No pure honey |
| Despland et al29 | 2017 | Short-term trial (the follow-up period was eight days) |
| Erejuwa et al30 | 2019 | Still on-going study |
| Whitfield et al31 | 2016 | Inappropriate comparator intervention (honey in all arms) |