- Venous insufficiency.
| Cause | Action | Response |
|---|---|---|
| Change in venous cannula position | Reduce pump speed (rpm) temporarily and optimize ventilator settings | This will improve venous drainage until the cause is addressed and there is definitive management |
| Hypovolemia | If patient is hypovolemic due to high urine output: Aggressive diuresis, bleeding, etc. | Volume assessment Give volume/transfuse |
| Other causes of increased intrathoracic or abdominal pressure (pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade, intrabdominal bleeding, and so on) | Change the patient position and/or venous cannula position | Tip migration Check by x-ray |
| Check tubing and pump head for fibrin or clot | Consider changing the cannula or circuit | |
| Venous line obstruction by clot or kink or twist | Consider FAST (focused assessment with sonography for trauma) exam and manage accordingly | May require surgical intervention |