- Summarizing intraoperative and postoperative complications of cochlear implantation (CI) (N=176).
| Complications | n (%) |
|---|---|
| Intraoperative complications (n=11, 6%) | |
| Accidental exposure of the dura | 3 (2) |
| Bleeding | 3 (2) |
| Gusher | 2 (1) |
| Accidental exposure of the facial nerve | 1 (0.5) |
| Injury to external auditory canal | 1 (0.5) |
| Pain that required conversion to general anesthesia | 1 (0.5) |
| Major postoperative complications (n=3, 2%) | |
| Severe pain that needed CI explantation | 1 (0.5) |
| Device malfunctioning | 2 (1) |
| Minor postoperative complications (n=38, 18%) | |
| Vertigo | 11 (6) |
| Redness and pain at the implant site | 8 (5) |
| Facial twitching/paresis | 7 (4) |
| Dizziness and tinnitus | 3 (2) |
| Taste disturbance | 2 (1) |