Intraoperative complications (n=11, 6%) |
Accidental exposure of the dura | 3 (2) |
Bleeding | 3 (2) |
Gusher | 2 (1) |
Accidental exposure of the facial nerve | 1 (0.5) |
Injury to external auditory canal | 1 (0.5) |
Pain that required conversion to general anesthesia | 1 (0.5) |
Major postoperative complications (n=3, 2%) |
Severe pain that needed CI explantation | 1 (0.5) |
Device malfunctioning | 2 (1) |
Minor postoperative complications (n=38, 18%) |
Vertigo | 11 (6) |
Redness and pain at the implant site | 8 (5) |
Facial twitching/paresis | 7 (4) |
Dizziness and tinnitus | 3 (2) |
Taste disturbance | 2 (1) |