- Demographic and medical characteristics of participants according to pre-pregnancy body mass index (N=3026).
| Variable | Normal (n=1073) | Overweight (n=995) | Obese (n=958) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | <0.001* | |||
| 16-20 | 25 (43.1) | 15 (25.9) | 18 (31.0) | |
| 21-25 | 240 (42.9) | 178 (31.8) | 142 (25.4) | |
| 26-30 | 388 (40.8) | 305 (32.0) | 259 (27.2) | |
| 31-35 | 264 (32.4) | 268 (32.8) | 284 (34.8) | |
| 36-40 | 127 (25.5) | 179 (35.9) | 193 (38.7) | |
| 41-45 | 27 (20.6) | 44 (33.6) | 60 (45.8) | |
| > 45 | 2 (20.0) | 6 (60.0) | 2 (20.0) | |
| Gravidity | <0.001* | |||
| 1 | 299 (41.9) | 214 (30.0) | 200 (28.1) | |
| 2 to 4 | 639 (35.9) | 589 (33.1) | 551 (31.0) | |
| >5 | 135 (25.3) | 192 (36.0) | 207 (38.8) | |
| Parity | <0.001* | |||
| 0 | 344 (40.7) | 265 (31.3) | 237 (28.0) | |
| 1 | 328 (37.3) | 288 (32.7) | 264 (30.0) | |
| 2 to 4 | 379 (32.3) | 393 (33.5) | 400 (34.1) | |
| >5 | 22 (17.2) | 49 (38.3) | 57 (44.5) | |
| Abortions | 0.002** | |||
| 0 | 847 (37.7) | 712 (31.7) | 689 (30.6) | |
| 1 | 158 (30.3) | 188 (36.0) | 176 (33.7) | |
| 2 to 4 | 64 (26.3) | 91 (37.4) | 88 (36.2) | |
| >5 | 4 (30.8) | 4 (30.8) | 5 (38.5) | |
| Stillbirth | 0.841** | |||
| 0 | 1064 (35.5) | 984 (32.8) | 949 (31.7) | |
| 1 | 4 (36.4) | 4 (36.4) | 3 (27.3) | |
| 2 to 4 | 1 (12.5) | 3 (37.5) | 4 (50.0) | |
| >5 | 4 (40.0) | 4 (40.0) | 2 (20.0) | |
| Medical diseases | <0.001** | |||
| None | 824 (39.9) | 678 (32.8) | 565 (27.3) | |
| DM | 97 (24.6) | 155 (39.3) | 142 (36.0) | |
| HTN, PET and eclampsia | 13 (18.3) | 16 (22.5) | 42 (59.2) | |
| Cardiac | 1 (20.0) | 2 (40.0) | 2 (40.0) | |
| Renal | 2 (33.3) | 4 (66.7) | 0 (0.0) | |
| CNS | 1 (50.0) | 1 (50.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| DM + HTN | 12 (8.9) | 16 (11.9) | 107 (79.3) | |
| Others | 123 (35.5) | 123 (35.5) | 100 (28.9) | |
Values are presented as number and percentage (%).
*Chi-square test was used,
**Monte Carlo test was used, The test of significance was carried out at the 0.05 level, significant results are in bold. DM: diabetes mellitus, HTN: hypertension, PET: pre-eclampsia toxemia, CNS: central nervous system