Table 3

- Comparison of HRQoL by DM patients with and without DN, Bisha, Saudi Arabia.

HRQoLdomains	Mean±SD	MD	95%CI of MD	P-value
DM with DN versus DM without DN
Physical functioning
DM with DN	31.6 ± 11.2	26.47	24.00, 28.96	<0.001
DM without DN	5.2 ± 6.2	26.47	24.00, 28.96	<0.001
ADLS
DM with DN	10.2 ± 6.2	10.00	8.77, 11.23	<0.001
DM without DN	0.2 ± 0.9	10.00	8.77, 11.23	<0.001
Symptoms
DM with DN	11.8 ± 4.9	9.81	8.80, 10.83	<0.001
DM without DN	2.0 ± 1.8	9.81	8.80, 10.83	<0.001
Small fibers
DM with DN	9.9 ± 4.1	9.28	8.38,10.17	<0.001
DM without DN	0.6 ± 1.9	9.28	8.38,10.17	<0.001
Autonomic
DM with DN	7.2 ± 3.5	6.81	6.10,7.53	<0.001
DM without DN	0.4 ± 1.2	6.81	6.10,7.53	<0.001
Overall
DM with DN	70.8 ± 24.8	62.37	57.21,67.53	<0.001
DM without DN	8.4 ± 9.2	62.37	57.21,67.53	<0.001
DM with DN versus healthy population
Physical functioning
DM with DN	31.6 ± 11.2	31.61	29.42, 33.79	<0.001
Healthy population	0.01 ± 0.02	31.61	29.42, 33.79	<0.001
ADLS
DM with DN	10.2 ± 6.2	10.23	9.01, 11.44	<0.001
Healthy population	0.095 ± 0	10.23	9.01, 11.44	<0.001
Symptoms
DM with DN	11.8 ± 4.9	9.24	8.12,10.35	<0.001
Healthy population	2.6 ± 2.9	9.24	8.12,10.35	<0.001
Small fibers
DM with DN	9.9 ± 4.1	9.91	9.10, 0.72	<0.001
Healthy population	0.1 ± 0.02	9.91	9.10, 0.72	<0.001
Autonomic
DM with DN	70 ± 3.5	7.21	6.53, 7.89	<0.001
Healthy population	0.1 ± 0.01	7.21	6.53, 7.89	<0.001
Overall
DM with DN	70.8 ± 32	70.79	65.96, 75.63	<0.001
Healthy population	0.1 ± 0.03	70.79	65.96, 75.63	<0.001

HRQoL: health-realted qulaity of life, MD: mean difference, DN: diabetic neuropathy, DM: diabetic mellitus, SD: standard deviation, ADLS: activities of daily living