-The demographic characteristics and measured values of total patients, men and women, among the 3 groups.
| Variables | Non-DM | Pre-DM | DM | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Whole group, n=327 (%) | 132 (40.36) | 57 (17.43) | 138 (42.20) | <0.001 |
| Age (years)* | 56.2 ± 12.0 | 59.8 ± 10.4 | 65.9 ± 10.1 | |
| BMI (Kg/m2)* | 29.7 ± 6.4 | 31.8 ± 5.2 | 31.2 ± 6.2 | 0.0518 |
| Femur T score* | -0.402 ± 1.166 | -0.172 ± 0.989 | -0.301 ± 1.322 | 0.4746 |
| Spine T score* | -1.016 ± 1.522 | -0.479 ± 1.168 | -0.590 ± 1.390 | 0.0069 |
| Femur BMD, (g/cm2)* | 0.926 ± 0.161 | 0.966 ± 0.144 | 0.936 ± 0.163 | 0.2797 |
| Spine BMD, (g/cm2)* | 0.990 ± 0.155 | 1.061 ± 0.144 | 1.049 ± 0.176 | 0.0031 |
| Normal BMD, n= 158 (%) | 60 (37.97) | 31 (19.62) | 67 (42.41) | 0.0009 |
| Osteopenia, n= 131 (%) | 51 (38.93) | 23 (17.56) | 57 (43.51) | 0.0005 |
| Osteoporosis, n= 38 (%) | 21 (55.26) | 3 (7.90) | 14 (36.84) | 0.0015 |
| Men, n=109 (%) | 37 (33.94) | 23 (21.1) | 49 (44.95) | |
| Age (years)* | 52.6 ± 12.7 | 60.9 ± 10.5 | 70.1 ± 11.1 | <0.001 |
| BMI (Kg/m2)* | 27.0 ± 4.4 | 30.8 ± 4.5 | 28.9 ± 6.4 | 0.0363 |
| Femur T score* | -0.708 ± 1.121 | -0.313 ± 0.894 | -0.451 ± 1.042 | 0.3175 |
| Spine T score* | -0.875 ± 1.245 | -0.143 ± 1.014 | -0.045 ± 1.458 | 0.0118 |
| Normal BMD, n=59(%) | 18 (30.5) | 15 (25.42) | 26 (44.06) | |
| Osteopenia, n= 42(%) | 13 (30.96) | 8 (19.04) | 21 (50) | |
| Osteoporosis, n= 8(%) | 6 (75) | 0 (0) | 2 (25) | |
| Women, n=218 (%) | 95 (43.57) | 34 (15.59) | 89 (40.82) | |
| Age (years)* | 57.6 ± 11.6 | 59.1 ± 10.4 | 63.6 ± 8.7 | 0.0005 |
| BMI (Kg/m2)* | 30.8 ± 6.8 | 32.4 ± 5.5 | 32.5 ± 5.8 | 0.1363 |
| Femur T score* | -0.282 ± 1.167 | -0.076 ± 1.051 | -0.218 ± 1.452 | 0.7216 |
| Spine T score* | -1.071 ± 1.260 | -0.706 ± 1.224 | -0.889 ± 1.262 | 0.3099 |
| Normal BMD, n=99(%) | 42 (42.42) | 16 (16.16) | 41 (41.41) | |
| Osteopenia, n= 89 (%) | 38 (42.69) | 15 (16.85) | 36 (40.44) | |
| Osteoporosis, n=30 (%) | 15 (50) | 3 (10) | 12 (40) |
↵* The data were given as a mean ± SD (standard deviation). BMI: body mass index, BMD: bone mineral density