- Sociodemographic characteristics of the participants (N=218).
| Variables | n (%) |
|---|---|
| Age (years), mean±SD | 37.31±9.981 |
| Race | |
| Malay | 160 (73.4) |
| Chinese | 31 (14.2) |
| Indian | 23 (10.6) |
| Others | 4 (1.8) |
| Religion | |
| Muslim | 162 (74.3) |
| Buddhist | 23 (10.6) |
| Hindu | 21 (9.6) |
| Christian | 11 (5.0) |
| Others | 1 (0.5) |
| Level of education | |
| First degree or higher | 88 (40.4) |
| Certificate and diploma | 72 (33.0) |
| Secondary school | 56 (25.7) |
| Below secondary school | 2 (0.9) |
| Marital status of women | |
| Married | 131 (60.0) |
| Single/divorced | 87 (40.0) |
| Occupation | |
| Working | 178 (81.7) |
| Not working | 27 (12.4) |
| Student | 10 (4.6) |
| Pensioner | 3 (1.4) |
| Household income per month, mean±SD (USD) | 729.14±682 |
| Smoking status | |
| No | 214 (98.2) |
| Yes | 4 (1.8) |
Values are presented as numbers and precentages (%). SD: standard deviation, USD: United States dollars