Table 1

- Baseline characteristics of patients one-year after discharge.

VariablesWL group (n=47)Non-WL group (n=144)P-values
Age, years (median [IQR])38 (33-43)38 (34-42)0.889
Male32 (68.1)94 (65.3)0.724
BMI, Kg/m231.3±4.928.6±2.9<0.001
Etiology
IHD9 (19.1)63 (43.8)0.003
DCM12 (25.5)28 (19.4)0.373
HYP7 (19.1)16 (11.1)0.156
HCM6 (12.8)9 (6.3)0.149
Other11 (23.4)20 (13.9)0.125
NYHA class
II11 (23.4)40 (27.8)0.556
III12 (25.5)22 (15.3)0.111
IV24 (51.1)82 (56.9)0.481
Medical history
Diabetes28 (59.6)72 (50.0)0.254
Hyperlipidemia25 (53.2)70 (48.6)0.586
Atrial fibrillation15 (31.9)48 (33.3)0.857
OSAS12 (25.5)18 (12.5)0.033
Malignant arrhythmias1 (2.1)9 (6.3)0.271
Smoking29 (61.7)77 (53.5)0.324
Alcohol7 (14.9)30 (20.8)0.371
Systolic BP, mmHg149.7±23.4138.1±22.80.003
Diastolic BP, mmHg88.7±17.782.3±17.50.031
Heart rate, beats/minute93.4±24.785.6±23.10.058
Types of HF
HFpEF14 (29.8)62 (43.1)0.107
HFmrEF14 (29.8)27 (18.8)0.110
HFrEF19 (40.4)55 (38.2)0.785
Medication
loop diuretics40 (85.1)132 (91.7)0.192
β-blockers42 (89.4)119 (82.6)0.271
ACEI/ARB27 (57.4)80 (55.6)0.821
MRA26 (55.3)87 (60.4)0.527
Digitalis14 (29.8)41 (28.5)0.863
ARNI7 (14.9)22 (15.3)0.949
Laboratory tests
NT-proBNP, pg/ml2393.4 (806.3-6268.6)2609 (1046.1-5207)0.852
Hemoglobin, g/L128±22.5130.4±23.60.527
Creatinine, umol/L112.1±4599.5±34.50.05
eGFR, ml/min/1.73m2105.8±50.1100.9±33.80.14
Uric acid, umol/L448.6±111.9456.47±135.80.719
Total cholesterol, mmol/L3.8±0.84±1.10.243
Triglycerides, mmol/L1.3±0.71.6±1.30.129
LDL, mmol/L2.2±0.62.2±0.90.851
HDL, mmol/L1±0.31±0.30.962
AST, U/L24.6±13.130.2±52.80.476
ALT, U/L23.7±17.728.2±37.80.538
Albumin, g/L35±4.735.6±4.90.466
Glucose, mmol/L5.8±1.26.1±2.10.275
Echocardiography
EF (%)44.6±13.847.9±15.80.2
EAT thickness (mm)6.4±1.46.2±1.50.366
LVEDD (mm)56.9±8.457.2±9.80.811
LVESD (mm)41.9±12.443.3±12.30.5
LA (mm)47.4±7.145.4±6.70.08
RVD (mm)36.4±635.1±6.70.239
IWT (mm)11.5±2.711.4±2.40.8
PWT (mm)10.6±2.111.3±9.80.608

Values are presented as numbers and precentages (%), mean ± standard deviation (SD), or median and interquartile range (IQR). WL: weight loss, BMI: body mass index, IHD: ischemic heart disease, DCM: dilated cardiomyopathy, HYP: hypertension, HCM: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, NYHA: New York Heart Association, OSAS: obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, BP: blood pressure, HF: heart failure, HFpEF: heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, HFmrEF: heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction, HFrEF: heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, ACEI: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB: angiotensin II receptor blockers, MRA: mineral corticoid receptor antagonist, ARNI: angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor, NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate, LDL: low density lipoprotein, HDL: high density lipoprotein, AST: aspartate aminotransferase, ALT: alanine aminotransferase, EF: ejection fraction, EAT: epicardial adipose tissue, LVEDD: left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, LVESD: left ventricular end-systolic diameter, LA: left atrial diameter, RVD: right ventricle diameter, IWT: interventricular wall thickness, PWT: posterior wall thickness