- The summary characteristics of the included studies.
| Study | Country | Study design | Disease severity | Interventions and dosage | Controls | Primary outcome | Follow up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lopes et al14 | Brazil | Multicentre open-label RCT | COVID-19 patients hospitalized with symptoms for up to 14 days | Rivaroxaban 20mg OD for 30 days or a reduced dose of 15 mg/day with a creatinine clearance of 30-49 mL/min or enoxaparin or intravenous UFH for patients with an unstable condition, followed by rivaroxaban for 30 days (n=311) | Enoxaparin or unfractionated heparin (n=304) CrCl ≥30: enoxaparin 40 mg SC every 24 hours or UFH 5000 units SC every 8-12 hours if BMI is <40; enoxaparin 60 mg SC every 24 hours or 40 mg SC every 12 hours or UFH 7500 units SC every 8-12 hours if BMI is ≥40; CrCl <30: UFH 5000 units SC every 8-12 hours if BMI <40; UFH 7500 units SC every 8-12 hours if BMI is ≥40. | Time to death, length of hospital stay and number of days on oxygen support | 30 days |
| Ananworanich et al15 | USA | Single center RCT | Patients with mild COVID-19 and high risk for severe COVID-19 | Rivaroxaban 10mg OD for 21days (n=84) | Multivitamin one tablet OD for 21 days (n=82) | Serious AEs, hypersensitivity, major bleeding events, the frequency of AEs | 35 days |
| Ramacciott et al16 | USA | Multicentre open-label RCT | patients at discharge who were hospitalized with COVID-19 for a minimum of 3 days | Rivaroxaban 10mg OD (n=159) | Placebo (n=159) | Venous thromboembolism with symptomatic or fatal, asymptomatic symptomatic arterial thromboembolism, and cardiovascular death | 35days |
| Avezum et al19 | Brazil | Multicentre open-label RCT | Patients with mild or moderate COVID-19, within ≤7 days from symptom onset | Rivaroxaban 10 mg OD for 14 days (n=327) | Routine care (n=330) | Thromboembolic events rate of ventilation and hospitalization, mortality | 30 days |
| Piazza et al18 | USA | Multicentre double-blind RCT | Patients with COVID-19, at least one thrombosis risk factor | Rivaroxaban 10 mg OD for 35 days (n=599) | Placebo (n=598) | Thromboembolic events, all-cause hospitalization, all-cause mortality up to day 35 | 35 days |
| Rauch‑Kröhnert et al17 | Germany | Multicentre open-label RCT | Ambulatory or hospitalized adults with moderate to severe COVID-19 | Rivaroxaban 20mg OD for at least 7 days and followed with 10 mg OD for 28 days (n=43) | heparin for at least 7 days followed by no thromboprophylaxis (n=45) | The D-dimer level, the WHO 7-category ordinal scale at 7 days | 35 days |
RCT: randomized controlled trial, COVID: coronavirus disease, OD: once daily, UFH: unfractionated heparin, CrCl: creatinine clearance, SC: subcutaneous, BMI: body mass index, AEs: adverse events, WHO: World Health Organization