Table 3

- Factors affecting the prevalence of e-cigarette usage.

Variables	Use of e-cigarette		Chi-t test	Fisher’s exact	Regression model
Variables	No	Yes	Chi-t test	Fisher’s exact	RR	95% CI	P-values
Gender
Male	52 (53.1)	46 (46.9)	<0.001*	<0.001*	5.80	3.53-9.53	<0.001*
Female	328 (86.8)	50 (13.2)	<0.001*	<0.001*	Ref.
Nationality
Saudi	367 (81.4)	84 (18.6)	<0.001*	0.001*	0.386	0.14-1.03	0.060
Non-Saudi	13 (52.0)	12 (48.0)	<0.001*	0.001*	Ref.
Monthly income
I do not know	79 (83.2)	16 (16.8)	0.805	0.811	Ref.
<5000 SR	33 (78.6)	9 (21.4)			0.94	0.31-2.89	0.926
5000-10000 SR	82 (80.4)	20 (19.6)			0.69	0.28-1.70	0.425
>10000 SR	186 (78.5)	51 (21.5)			1.18	0.57-2.44	0.654
Marital status
Single	325 (78.7)	88 (21.3)	0.187	0.130	Ref.
Married	53 (88.3)	7 (11.7)			0.487	0.21-1.11	0.087
Divorced	2 (66.7)	1 (33.3)			1.846	0.16-20.6	0.618
Marital status of parents
Married	322 (79.7)	82 (20.3)	0.333	0.390	Ref.
Divorced	18 (69.2)	8 (30.8)			1.745	0.733-4.155	0.208
One of them has died	30 (85.7)	5 (14.3)			0.654	0.24-1.74	0.395
Both have died	10 (90.9)	1 (9.1)			0.393	0.04-3.11	0.376
Living with:
Parents	358 (81.5)	81 (18.5)	<0.001*	<0.001*	Ref.
`Alone	21 (65.6)	11 (34.4)			2.315	1.07-4.99	0.032*
With a friend	1 (20.0)	4 (80.0)			17.67	1.94-160.28	0.010*
Do any of your friends or family members use e-cigarettes?
No	186 (93.5)	13 (6.5)	<0.001*	<0.001*	Ref.
Yes	164 (66.9)	81 (33.1)			7.066	3.79-13.16	0.000*
Not know	30 (93.8)	2 (6.3)			0.954	0.204-4.43	0.952
Are there any smokers in your accommodation?
No	199 (85.0)	35 (15.0)	0.003*	0.003*	Ref.
Yes	152 (72.7)	57 (27.3)			2.13	1.33-3.41	0.002*
Not sure	29 (87.9)	4 (12.1)			0.784	0.259-2.368	0.666

Values are presented as numbers and percentages (%). CI: confidence interval, RR: relative risk, e-cigarette: electronic cigarettes, Ref.: reference, SR: Saudi Riyals