- Characteristics of primary sclerosing cholangitis-associated in the study cohort.
| Variables | Patients without PSC n (%) | Patients with PSC n (%) | Total n (%) | P-values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 438 (51.1) | 11 (39.3) | 449 (50.7) | 0.252 |
| Female | 419 (48.9) | 17 (60.7) | 436 (49.3) | |
| Age | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 34.6 (14.8) | 43.9 (16.8) | 34.9 (15.0) | 0.001 |
| Smoking | ||||
| No | 583 (87.9) | 20 (95.2) | 603 (88.2) | 0.496 |
| Yes | 80 (12.1) | 1 (4.8) | 81 (11.8) | |
| IBD | ||||
| CD | 484 (57.9) | 6 (22.2) | 490 (56.8) | <0.001 |
| UC | 352 (42.1) | 21 (77.8) | 373 (43.2) | |
| Age at diagnosis | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 25.4 (13.2) | 30.6 (14.7) | 25.6 (13.2) | 0.044 |
| CD site | ||||
| Ileal | 126 (14.7) | 2 (7.1) | 128 (14.5) | 0.007 |
| Ileocolic | 277 (32.3) | 3 (10.7) | 280 (31.6) | |
| Colic | 69 (8.1) | 1 (3.6) | 70 (7.9) | |
| UC site | ||||
| Ulcerative proctitis | 67 (7.8) | 5 (17.9) | 72 (8.1) | <0.001 |
| Left-sided colitis | 133 (15.5) | 11 (39.3) | 144 (16.3) | |
| Pancolitis | 140 (16.3) | 5 (17.9) | 145 (16.4) | |
| IBD behavior | ||||
| Inflammatory | 225 (26.3) | 3 (10.7) | 228 (25.8) | 0.005 |
| Perforating | 118 (13.8) | 2 (7.1) | 120 (13.6) | |
| Structuring | 135 (15.8) | 1 (3.6) | 136 (15.4) | |
| Unknown | 379 (44.2) | 22 (78.6) | 401 (45.3) | |
| Perianal surgery | ||||
| Yes | 0 (0.0) | 2 (7.1) | 2 (0.2) | 0.001 |
| Perianal disease | ||||
| Yes | 110 (12.9) | 2 (7.1) | 112 (12.7) | 0.564 |
| Perianal diseases | ||||
| Fistula | 94 (11.0) | 1 (3.6) | 95 (10.7) | 0.350 |
| Fissure | 1 (0.1) | 1 (3.6) | 2 (0.2) | 0.062 |
| Abscess | 1 (0.1) | 1 (3.6) | 2 (0.2) | 0.062 |
| Extraintestinal manifestation | ||||
| Arthralgias | 206 (24.0) | 19 (67.9) | 225 (25.4) | <0.001 |
| Erythema nodosum | 41 (4.8) | 1 (3.6) | 42 (4.7) | 1.000 |
| Ocular(uveitis, scleritis) | 24 (2.8) | 2 (7.1) | 26 (2.9) | 0.197 |
| Pyoderma gangrenosum | 19 (2.2) | 1 (3.6) | 20 (2.3) | 0.478 |
| Medications | ||||
| Corticosteroids | 499 (64.2) | 11 (68.8) | 510 (64.3) | 0.798 |
| Mesalamine/ Pentasa | 471 (58.6) | 12 (70.6) | 483 (58.8) | 0.456 |
| Infliximab | 75 (8.8) | 5 (17.9) | 80 (9.0) | 0.100 |
| Adalimumab | 59 (6.9) | 10 (35.7) | 69 (7.8) | <0.001 |
| Vedolizumab | 21 (2.5) | 2 (7.1) | 23 (2.6) | 0.162 |
| Azathioprine | 1 (0.1) | 8 (28.6) | 9 (1.0) | <0.001 |
| Tofacitinib | 3 (0.4) | 1 (3.6) | 4 (0.5) | 0.121 |
| Previous surgical interventions | ||||
| Yes | 96 (11.2) | 2 (7.1) | 98 (11.1) | 0.760 |
PSC: primary sclerosing cholangitis, IBD: inflammatory bowel disease, CD: Crohn’s disease, UC: ulcerative colitis