Table 2

- The generalized estimating equations models, the parameters estimation, p-values and relative risks used in the study.

Variablesb±SEP-valuesRelative risks
Y=counts of FBDOs, model 1
Intercept2.858±0.258<0.000117.427
Ref=public---
Source=home-0.29±0.230.2070.749
Ref=2017---
Year=2018-0.061±0.0850.4730.941
Year=2019-0.33±0.10.00090.719
Year=2020-1.083±0.137<0.00010.339
Year=2021-0.776±0.2020.00010.461
Year=2022-0.836±0.112<0.00010.434
Year=2023-0.315±0.2490.2060.73
Y=counts of FBDOs cases, model 2
Intercept5.181±0.294<0.0001177.772
Ref=public---
Source=home-0.901±0.172<0.00010.407
Ref=2017---
Year=2018-0.236±0.1420.0966*0.791
Year=2019-0.46±0.180.0104**0.632
Year=2020-1.034±0.2780.00020.356
Year=2021-1.036±0.2760.00020.356
Year=2022-1.095±0.22<0.00010.335
Year=2023-0.592±0.2280.00930.554
Y=Counts of FBDOs cases based on gender, model 3
Intercept4.832±0.303<0.0001125.349
Ref=male---
Gender=female-0.07±0.050.16150.933
Ref=2017---
Year=2018-0.364±0.1750.0374**0.696
Year=2019-0.5±0.2530.0482**0.607
Year=2020-0.913±0.3670.0128**0.402
Year=2021-1.019±0.3670.0055**0.362
Year=2022-0.976±0.2730.00030.377
Year=2023-0.513±0.2610.0491**0.6
Y=counts of FBDOs cases based on nationality, model 4
Intercept4.124±0.539<0.000161.788
Ref=non-SA---
Nationality=SA1.214±0.3150.00013.366
Ref=2017---
Year=2018-0.429±0.1820.0181**0.652
Year=2019-0.6±0.2520.0172**0.549
Year=2020-1.146±0.4250.0069**0.318
Year=2021-1.24±0.4480.0056**0.29
Year=2022-1.037±0.2720.00010.355
Year=2023-0.545±0.1860.00330.58
Y=counts of FBDOs cases based on age (years), model 5
Intercept0.065±0.2380.78711DF.067
Ref= age <1---
Age=1-43.014±0.113<0.000120.369
Age=5-194.591±0.115<0.000198.515
Age=20-494.68±0.157<0.0001107.749
Age=50+2.598±0.437<0.000113.433
Ref=2017---
Year=2018-0.202±0.1550.19290.818
Year=2019-0.649±0.280.0204**0.523
Year=2020-1.089±0.3390.00130.337
Year=2021-0.98±0.360.00650.376
Year=2022-1.022±0.214<0.00010.36
Year=2023-0.544±0.2280.0169**0.581

FBDOs: foodborne disease outbreaks

  • Significant at p=0.005,

  • ** significant at p=0.05,

  • * significant at p=0.10.