Skip to main content
Log in

Assessing Culturally Different Students for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Using Behavior Rating Scales

  • Published:
Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Behavior rating scales are commonly used in the assessment of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, there is little information available concerning the extent to which scales are valid with culturally different students. This study explored the use of the ADHD-IV Rating Scale School Version with male Caucasian (CA) and African American (AA) students from ages 5 to 18 years. Teachers rated AA students higher on all symptoms across all age groups. LISREL analysis indicated that scale does not perform identically across groups. This was supported by the results of multidimensional scaling with suggested that there is a different relation between items across groups. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  • Abikoff, H., Courtney, M., Pelham, W., & Koplewicz, H. (1993). Teachers' ratings of disruptive behaviors: The influence of halo effects. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 21, 519-533.

    Google Scholar 

  • Achenbach, T. M., & Edelbrock, C. (1983). Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist and Revised Child Behavior Profile. Burlington: University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry.

    Google Scholar 

  • Achenbach, T. M., Bird, H. R., Canino, G., Phares, V., Gould, M. S., & Rubio-Stipec, M. (1990). Epidemiological comparisons of Puerto Rican and U.S. mainland children: Parent teacher and self-report. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 29, 84-93.

    Google Scholar 

  • American Council on Education and Education Commission of the States. (1988). One-third of a nation: A report by the Commission on Minority Participation in Education and American Life. Washington, DC: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barkley, R. A. (1990). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A handbook for diagnosis and treatment. New York: Guilford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bauermeister, J. J., Berrios, V., Jimenez, A. L., Acevedos, L., & Gordon, M. (1990). Some issues and instruments for the assessment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in Puerto Rican children. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 19, 9-16.

    Google Scholar 

  • Benson, J. (1987). Detecting item bias in affective scales. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 47, 55-67.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bentler, P. M., & Bonett, D. G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88, 588-606.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bird, H., Canino, G., Rubio-Stipec, M., Gould, M., Ribera, J., Sesman, M., Woodbury, M., Huertas-Goldman, S., Pagan, A., Sanchez-Lacay, A., & Moscoso, M. (1988). Estimates of the prevalence of childhood maladjustment in a community survey in Puerto Rico. Archives of General Psychiatry, 45, 1120-1126.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bracken, B., & Barona, A. (1991). State of the art procedures for translating, validating, and using psychoeducational tests in cross-cultural assessment. School Psychology International, 12, 119-132.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chinn, P. C., & Hughes, S. E. (1987). Representation of minority students in special education classes. Remedial and Special Education, 8(4), 41-46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chou, C., & Bentler, P. (1995). Estimates and tests in structural equation modeling. In R. Hoyle (Ed.), Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues, and practice (pp. 37-55). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conners, C. K. (1973). Rating scales for use in drug studies with children. Pharmacology Bulletin (special issue—Pharmacotherapy of Children) Vol. 24–29.

  • Costello, E. J., & Janiszewski, S. (1990). Who gets treated? Factors associated with referral in children with psychiatric disorders. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 81, 523-529.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davison, M. (1983). Multidimensional scaling. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Diana v. State Board of Education. Civ. No. C7037 RFP (N.D Cal. 1970, 1973).

  • Dunn, L. M. (1968). Special education for the mildly retarded: Is much of it justifiable? Exceptional Children, 35, 5-22.

    Google Scholar 

  • DuPaul, G. J., Power, T. J., Anastopoulos, A., Reid, R., McGoey, K. E., & Ikeda, M. J. (in press). Teacher ratings of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms: Factor structure, normative data, and psychometric properties. Psychological Assessment.

  • Epstein, M. A., Shaywitz, S. E., Shaywitz, B. A., & Woolston, J. L. (1991). The boundaries of attention deficit disorder. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 24, 78-86.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gordon, M. (1982). The Gordon diagnostic system. DeWitt, NY: Gordon Systems.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gorsuch, R. (1983). Factor analysis. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hunt, N., & Marshall, K. (1994). Exceptional children and youth. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jarvinen, D. W., & Sprague, R. L. (1995). Using ACTeRS to screen minority children for ADHD: An examination of item bias. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 13, (Special Issue on ADHD), 172-184.

    Google Scholar 

  • Joreskog, K., & Sorbom, D. (1993). LISREL 8. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lambert, N. M., Sandoval, J., & Sassone, D. (1978). Prevalence of hyperactivity in elementary school children as a function of social system definers. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 48, 446-463.

    Google Scholar 

  • Langsdorf, R., Anderson, R. P., Waechter, D., Madrigal, J., & Juarez, L. (1979). Ethnicity, social class, and perception of hyperactivity. Psychology in the Schools, 16, 293-298.

    Google Scholar 

  • Larry P. v Riles. C-71-2270-RFP (N. D. Cal. 1972) 495 F. Supp. 96 (N. D. Cal. 1979) Affr (9th Cir. 1984), 1983–84 EHLR DEC. 555:304.

  • Lerner, J., & Lerner, S. (1991). Attention deficit disorder: Issues and questions. Focus on Exceptional Children, 24(3), 1-17.

    Google Scholar 

  • MacCallum, R. (1988). Multidimensional scaling. In J. R. Nesselrode & R. B. Cattell (Eds.), Handbook of multivariate experimental psychology (2nd ed., pp. 421-445). New York: Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mann, E. M., Ikeda, Y., Mueller, C. W., Takahashi, A., Tao, K. T., Humris, E., Li, B. L., & Chin, D. (1992). Cross-cultural differences in rating hyperactive-disruptive behaviors in children. American Journal of Psychiatry, 149, 1539-1542.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marsella, A. J., & Kameoka, V. A. (1989). Ethnocultural issues in the assessment of psychopathology. In S. Wetzler (Ed.) Measuring mental illness in psychometric assessment for clinicians (pp. 231-256). Washington DC: American Psychiatric Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mercer, J. (1973). Labeling the mentally retarded. Berkley: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mueller, C. W., Mann, E. M., Thanapum, S., Humris, E., Ikeda, Y., Takahashi, A., Tao, K. T., & Li, B. L. (1995). Teachers' ratings of disruptive behavior in five countries. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 24, 434-442.

    Google Scholar 

  • O'Donnell, J. P., Stein, M. A., Machabanski, H., & Cress, J. N. (1982). Dimensions of behavior problems in Anglo-American and Mexican-American preschool children: A comparative study. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 50, 643-651.

    Google Scholar 

  • Penning, N. (1990). Definitions of handicapping conditions expands...almost! School Administrator, 47, 31-32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Quality Education for Minorities Project. (1990). Education that works: An action plan for education of minorities. Cambridge: Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reid, R. (1995). Assessment of ADHD with culturally different groups: The use of behavior rating scales. School Psychology Review, 24, 537-560.

    Google Scholar 

  • Salvia, J., & Ysseldyke, J. (1988). Assessment in special and remedial education (4th ed.). Dallas, TX: Houghton Mifflin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sattler, J. (1988). Assessment of Children (3rd. ed.). San Diego, CA: Jerome Sattler.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sonuga-Barke, E., Minocha, K., Taylor, E., & Sandberg, S. (1993). Inter-ethnic bias in teachers' ratings of childhood hyperactivity. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 11, 187-200.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Congress. Committee on Education and Labor. (1990). Hearings on the Reauthorization of the EHA Discretionary Programs. Hearings, 101st Cong., 2d Sess. Feb. 21, 1990. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ullmann, R. K., Sleator, E. K., & Sprague, R. L. (1991). ADD-H Comprehensive Teacher's Rating Scale—ACTeRS. Champaign, IL: MetriTech.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waechter, D., Anderson, R., Juarez, L. J., Langsdorf, R., & Madrigal, J. F. (1979). Ethnic group, hyperkinesis, and modes of behavior. Psychology in the Schools, 16, 435-439.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weisz, J. R., Suwanlert, S., Chaiyasit, W., Weiss, B., Achenbach, T. M., & Walter, B. (1987). Epidemiology of behavioral and emotional problems among Thai and American children: Parent reports for ages 6 to 11. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 26, 890-897.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weisz, J. R., Suwanlert, S., Chaiyasit, W., Weiss, B., Achenbach, T. M., & Trevathan, D. (1989). Epidemiology of behavioral and emotional problems among Thai and American children: Teacher reports for ages 6 to 11. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 30, 471-484.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whalen, C. K. (1989). Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders. In T. H. Ollendick & M. Hersen (Eds.), Handbook of child psychopathology (2nd ed., pp. 131-169). New York: Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Young, F. W., & Hamer, R. M. (1987). Multidimensional scaling: History, theory, and applications. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Reid, R., DuPaul, G.J., Power, T.J. et al. Assessing Culturally Different Students for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Using Behavior Rating Scales. J Abnorm Child Psychol 26, 187–198 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022620217886

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022620217886

Navigation