The prevalence of celiac disease in average-risk and at-risk Western European populations: A systematic review
Section snippets
Methods
This article represents a portion of a multipart systematic review conducted for the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. A comprehensive literature search was conducted by the National Library of Medicine in collaboration with the University of Ottawa Evidence Based Practice Center. The searches were run in MEDLINE (1966 to October 2003) and EMBASE (1974 to December 2003) databases.
Study selection was performed by 2 independent reviewers using 3 levels of screening. Articles passing the
Results
The literature search yielded 2116 references. A total of 133 publications were included in the review. Of these, 14 publications were identified as duplicates on the basis that the same study population was reported on elsewhere, or as part of a larger cohort.4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17
Prevalence in the general population: different geographic and racial/ethnic populations
The included prevalence studies showed important differences in execution, tests for prevalence assessment, and in patient sampling, making pooled estimates of prevalence potentially unreliable. Furthermore, the influence of disease prevalence on the positive and negative predictive values of these tests, and the criteria by which clinical and histologic CD is defined, have to be kept in mind when considering the results of this report. The last point regarding the histologic definition of CD
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