Ventilator-associated pneumonia: the importance of oral care in intubated adults

Crit Care Nurs Q. 2010 Oct-Dec;33(4):339-47. doi: 10.1097/CNQ.0b013e3181f649a6.

Abstract

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) occurs within 24 hours of intubation and mechanical ventilation. Health care costs related to increased patient mortality, extended length of stay, and patient well-being make treatment of VAP a priority in all health care settings. The Institute for Healthcare Improvements has developed the Ventilator Bundle as a group of interventions linked to ventilator care with demonstrated outcome improvements; removal of subglottic secretions is one of these recommendations. Dental plaque and bacterial colonization of pathogens is directly related to microaspiration of bacteria into the lungs. A moist environment in the mouth maintains normal oropharyngeal bacteria, preventing overgrowth of pathogenic bacteria. Frequent oral care to include twice-a-day brushing of the teeth found a 69% reduction in respiratory tract infections.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Critical Care / organization & administration*
  • Humans
  • Oral Hygiene*
  • Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated / microbiology
  • Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated / prevention & control*
  • Respiratory System / microbiology