Purpose : We performed a detailed study of the lower urinary tract of the male and female
human fetus to elucidate the anatomy of the urethral sphincter complex in both sexes and its …

Purpose : We report outcomes from tubularized incised plate repair of mid shaft and proximal
hypospadias by a single surgeon. Materials and Methods : Chart review of all patients …

Purpose : The neuroanatomy of the female lower urogenital tract remains controversial. We
defined the topographical anatomy and differential immunohistochemical characteristics of …

We tested the hypothesis that maternal exposure to synthetic estrogen can cause hypospadias
in male offspring and defined the morphological changes in the disrupted urethral seam. …

Purpose : The mechanism of human erection requires the coordination of an intact neuronal
system that includes the cavernous, perineal, and dorsal nerves of the penis. We defined …

Purpose : We evaluated factors affecting complication rates of ureteroscopy for pediatric
ureteral calculi. Materials and Methods : We retrospectively evaluated 642 children who …

PURPOSE: We previously reported initial scrotal exploration for unilateral nonpalpable testis,
followed by laparoscopy when a viable testis was not found. Although we concluded that …

Purpose : Factors influencing outcomes of dextranomer/hyaluronic acid injection for vesicoureteral
reflux remain poorly defined. We performed multivariate analysis of the experience of …

Background. Haemodialysis patients (HD) have been characterized by a high incidence
and prevalence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Based on the traditional …

Purpose : The anatomy of the ureterovesical junction is germane to surgical reconstruction in
patients with significant reflux. In this study we refine the description of the neuroanatomy of …