Rapid development of nanotechnology has been in high demand, especially for silver
nanoparticles (AgNPs) since they have been proven to be useful in various fields such as …

… Busra also reported that a peak intensity of 1632 cm −1 indicates a higher-order arrangement
of the collagen structure referring to the β-sheet and triple helix structure [14]. FTIR is a …

Skin injury is quite common, and the wound healing is a complex process involving many
types of cells, the extracellular matrix, and soluble mediators. Cell differentiation, migration, …

Wound represents a significant socioeconomic burden for both affected individuals and as a
whole healthcare system. Accordingly, stem cells have garnered attention due to their …

Cellulose is a naturally existing element in the plant’s cell wall and in several bacteria. The
unique characteristics of bacterial cellulose (BC), such as non-toxicity, biodegradability, …

… Previously, Fauzi and co-workers demonstrated that the collagen extracted from ovine tendon
mainly consists of COL-I as the primary component, comparable to commercially available …

Intervertebral disc degeneration is a common cause of discogenic low back pain resulting in
significant disability. Current conservative or surgical intervention treatments do not reverse …

Natural-based biomaterials play an important role in developing new products for medical
applications, primarily in cutaneous injuries. A large panel of biomaterials with antioxidant …

Three-dimensional bioprinting has rapidly paralleled many biomedical applications and
assisted in advancing the printing of complex human organs for a better therapeutic practice. …

A diverse range of normal flora populates the human skin and numbers are relatively
different between individuals and parts of the skin. Humans and normal flora have formed a …