Background Alopecia areata (AA) is an organ‐specific autoimmune disease characterized
by T‐cell infiltrates and cytokine production. T‐helper 17 (Th17) cells are crucially involved in …

Diabetes is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease, also called kidney failure.
The link between the renal artery receptor angiotensin II type I (AT1R) and endothelin-1 (ET-1)…

Toxic chemicals such as carbon tetrachloride and thioacetamide (TAA) are reported to induce
hepato-nephrotoxicity. The potential protective outcome of the antidiabetic and pleiotropic …

… From the Physiology Department (Bayoumy), College of Medicine, Center of Excellence
in Thrombosis & Hemostasis, King Khaled University Hospital, King Saud University …

Lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) is a major risk factor for amputation in diabetic patients.
The advanced glycation end products (AGEs)/endothelin-1 (ET-1)/nitric oxide synthase (…

Background Environmental pollution is a highly challenging global health concern, affecting
the natural ecosystem and human health. The obesity risk is allied to diverse factors, …

Background: Resistance to anti-platelet therapy whether defined by the laboratory detection
of platelet function or the recurrence of cardiovascular events, has received extensive …

Background Progressive micro-vascular vaso-degeneration is the major factor in progression
of diabetic complications. Adrenomedullin (AM) and basic-Fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) …

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a disease of glomerular filtration barrier failure presenting with
variable degrees of proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. Inflammation …

Aim: The authors aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to determine if acetylcholinesterase
inhibitors may pose a direct threat, increasing the incidence of fractures in dementia patients. …