Background: Although the association between ambient temperature and mortality in local
populations is evident, this relationship remains unclear in transient populations (eg, due to …

The Hajj and Umrah religious mass gatherings take place in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
and are attended each year by over 10 million Muslim pilgrims from over 180 different …

Background Ambient temperatures exceeding 40 C are projected to become common in
many temperate climatic zones due to global warming. Therefore, understanding the health …

Direct pulp capping (DPC) is a conservative approach for preserving tooth vitality without
requiring more invasive procedures by enhancing pulp healing and mineralized tissue barrier …

… The plot size was 3 m X 7 m, which included four rows of soybeans, 70 cm apart. … The
plot size was 3 m X 7 m and the experimental design was a randomized complete block with 4 …

Background Although classic heat stroke (HS) is one of the most ancient conditions known
to humans, the description of its early clinical manifestations, natural course, and …

Mass gatherings increase the risk of infectious diseases transmission including tuberculosis
(TB). The Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, is attended by over 2 million pilgrims …

Background Given the inherent characteristics of the Hajj pilgrimage, the event is a risk for
tuberculosis (TB) infection. Early diagnosis and appropriate management of TB cases by …

Background Travel to international mass gatherings such as the Hajj pilgrimage increases
the risk of Neisseria meningitidis transmission and meningococcal disease. We investigated …

Background Food and water-borne diseases (FWBDs) are a health risk at the Hajj mass
gathering. The current study documented the prevalence and management of gastrointestinal (…