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Review ArticleReview Article
Open Access

Progress towards a Leishmania vaccine

Khaled S. Tabbara
Saudi Medical Journal July 2006, 27 (7) 942-950;
Khaled S. Tabbara
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, PO Box 22979, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain. Tel. +973 (1) 7239733. Fax. +973 (1) 7877195. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Leishmaniasis is a vector-born protozoan disease. Approximately 12 million individuals are affected worldwide with an estimated annual incidence of 1.5-2 million. Two clinical manifestations are recognized, cutaneous, and visceral, both of which are common in the Middle East. In both forms, infection is chronic, with potential deformities, persistence following cure, and lifelong risk of reactivation. Attempts to develop an effective human Leishmania vaccine have not yet succeeded. Leishmanization, a crude form of live vaccination historically originated in this part of the world. Experimental vaccination has been extensively studied in model animals in the past 2 decades. In this review, major human killed vaccine trials are surveyed, and modern trends in Leishmania vaccine development, including subunit vaccines, naked DNA vaccines, and transmission blocking vaccines are explored. Recent findings of a link between persistence of live parasites, and maintenance of long-term immunity suggest live vaccination with attenuated strains, as a future vaccination strategy.

  • Copyright: © Saudi Medical Journal

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Saudi Medical Journal: 27 (7)
Saudi Medical Journal
Vol. 27, Issue 7
1 Jul 2006
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Progress towards a Leishmania vaccine
Khaled S. Tabbara
Saudi Medical Journal Jul 2006, 27 (7) 942-950;

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Progress towards a Leishmania vaccine
Khaled S. Tabbara
Saudi Medical Journal Jul 2006, 27 (7) 942-950;
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© 2025 Saudi Medical Journal Saudi Medical Journal is copyright under the Berne Convention and the International Copyright Convention.  Saudi Medical Journal is an Open Access journal and articles published are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (CC BY-NC). Readers may copy, distribute, and display the work for non-commercial purposes with the proper citation of the original work. Electronic ISSN 1658-3175. Print ISSN 0379-5284.

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