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Review ArticleReview Article
Open Access

Tuberculosis infection during Hajj pilgrimage. The risk to pilgrims and their communities

Ibrahim O. Al-Orainey
Saudi Medical Journal July 2013, 34 (7) 676-680;
Ibrahim O. Al-Orainey
Department of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Tel/Fax. +966 (11) 4671510. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Millions of Muslims travel to Makkah every year to perform Hajj. Many pilgrims come from countries with a high incidence of tuberculosis (TB). Over-crowding, physical exhaustion, heat, and co-morbid conditions of mostly middle-aged and elderly pilgrims make them susceptible to infection, or reactivation of latent TB. Evidence from previous reports indicated a significant risk of acquiring infection during Hajj. Pilgrims infected in Makkah may spread the infection to contacts in their countries. Spread of multi-drug resistant TB is a real concern. Control efforts are required to reduce the risk of infection and transmission. Screening of pilgrims from high burden countries before travel with chest x-ray will help to detect and treat active TB, and prevent infection of others. Low incidence countries may consider carrying out tuberculin skin test or Quanti-FERON TB assay for pilgrims before and after Hajj, to identify and treat recent converters. National and international coordinated efforts are essential for successful implementation of control measures to prevent the spread of the disease.

  • Copyright: © Saudi Medical Journal

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial License (CC BY-NC), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Saudi Medical Journal: 34 (7)
Saudi Medical Journal
Vol. 34, Issue 7
1 Jul 2013
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Tuberculosis infection during Hajj pilgrimage. The risk to pilgrims and their communities
Ibrahim O. Al-Orainey
Saudi Medical Journal Jul 2013, 34 (7) 676-680;

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Tuberculosis infection during Hajj pilgrimage. The risk to pilgrims and their communities
Ibrahim O. Al-Orainey
Saudi Medical Journal Jul 2013, 34 (7) 676-680;
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© 2025 Saudi Medical Journal Saudi Medical Journal is copyright under the Berne Convention and the International Copyright Convention.  Saudi Medical Journal is an Open Access journal and articles published are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (CC BY-NC). Readers may copy, distribute, and display the work for non-commercial purposes with the proper citation of the original work. Electronic ISSN 1658-3175. Print ISSN 0379-5284.

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