Causes and management of urogenital fistulas

From the Department of Urogynecology and Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery (Osman, Al-Badr, Dawood), Women’s Specialized Hospital, the Urology Department (AlMosaieed), King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Rizk), College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain; and from the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Urogynecology & Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery (Malabarey), McMaster University, Ontario, Canada

From the Department of Urogynecology and Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery (Osman, Al-Badr, Dawood), Women’s Specialized Hospital, the Urology Department (AlMosaieed), King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Rizk), College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain; and from the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Urogynecology & Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery (Malabarey), McMaster University, Ontario, Canada

From the Department of Urogynecology and Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery (Osman, Al-Badr, Dawood), Women’s Specialized Hospital, the Urology Department (AlMosaieed), King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Rizk), College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain; and from the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Urogynecology & Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery (Malabarey), McMaster University, Ontario, Canada

From the Department of Urogynecology and Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery (Osman, Al-Badr, Dawood), Women’s Specialized Hospital, the Urology Department (AlMosaieed), King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Rizk), College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain; and from the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Urogynecology & Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery (Malabarey), McMaster University, Ontario, Canada

From the Department of Urogynecology and Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery (Osman, Al-Badr, Dawood), Women’s Specialized Hospital, the Urology Department (AlMosaieed), King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Rizk), College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain; and from the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Urogynecology & Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery (Malabarey), McMaster University, Ontario, Canada

From the Department of Urogynecology and Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery (Osman, Al-Badr, Dawood), Women’s Specialized Hospital, the Urology Department (AlMosaieed), King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Rizk), College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain; and from the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Urogynecology & Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery (Malabarey), McMaster University, Ontario, Canada