The trends and patterns of congenital heart diseases at Madinah Cardiac Center, Madinah, Saudi Arabia

Saad Q. Khoshhal; Abdulkader M. Albasri; Mohamed (Mofeed) F. Morsy; Abdulhameed A. Alnajjar

doi:10.15537/smj.2020.9.25275

References

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2. He J,
3. Shao X
(2020) Incidence and mortality trend of congenital heart disease at the global, regional, and national level 1990-2017. Medicine 99:e20593.
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1. Saxena A
(2018) Congenital heart disease in India:A status report. Indian Pediatr 55:1075–1082.
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1. Ekure EN,
2. Bode-Thomas F,
3. Sadoh WE,
4. Orogade AA,
5. Otaigbe BE,
6. Ujunwa F,
7. Sani UM,
8. et al.
(2017) Congenital heart defects in Nigerian children:preliminary data from the National Pediatric Cardiac Registry. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg 8:699–706.
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1. Ige OO,
2. Yilgwan CS,
3. Sagay AS,
4. Kanki P,
5. Thomas F
(2020) Congenital heart disease in neonates with external congenital anomalies in Jos, Nigeria. J Med Trop 22:19.
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1. van der Linde D,
2. Konings EE,
3. Slager MA,
4. Witsenburg M,
5. Helbing WA,
6. Takkenberg JJ,
7. Roos-Hesselink JW
(2011) Birth prevalence of congenital heart disease worldwide:a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol 58:2241–2247.
↵
1. Zhang YF,
2. Zeng XL,
3. Zhao EF,
4. Lu HW
(2015) Diagnostic value of fetal echocardiography for congenital heart disease:a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine 94:e1759.
↵
1. Al-Mesned A,
2. Al Akhfash AA,
3. Sayed M
(2012) Incidence of severe congenital heart disease at the province of Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia. Congenit Heart Dis 7:277–282.
↵
1. Liu Y,
2. Chen S,
3. Zuhlke L,
4. Black GC,
5. Choy MK,
6. Li N,
7. et al.
(2019) Global birth prevalence of congenital heart defects 1970-2017:updated systematic review and meta-analysis of 260 studies. Int J Epidemiol 48:455–463.
↵
1. Rossano JW
(2020) Congenital heart disease:a global public health concern. Lancet Child Adolesc Health 4:168–169.
↵
1. Saquib N,
2. Zaghloul MS,
3. Mazrou A,
4. Saquib J
(2017) Cardiovascular disease research in Saudi Arabia:a bibliometric analysis. Scientometrics 112:111–140.
↵
1. Abah RO,
2. Ochoga MO,
3. Audu OP,
4. Idoko A,
5. Eseigbe EE,
6. Dabit JO
(2018) Pattern of cardiac diseases among children in a tertiary hospital in North Central, Nigeria:A three and half years retrospective cohort echocardiographic study. Niger J Paediatr 45:6–9.
↵
1. Asani M,
2. Aliyu I,
3. Kabir H
(2013) Profile of congenital heart defects among children at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. J Med Trop 15:131–134.
↵
1. Meshram RM,
2. Gajimwar VS
(2018) Prevalence, profile, and pattern of congenital heart disease in Central India:A prospective, observational study. NigJ Cardiol 15:45.
↵
1. Zhao QM,
2. Liu F,
3. Wu L,
4. Ma XJ,
5. Niu C,
6. Huang GY
(2019) Prevalence of congenital heart disease at live birth in China. J Pediatr 204:53–58.
↵
1. Lelong N,
2. Goffinet F,
3. Khoshnood B
(2017) Epidemiology of Congenital Heart Defects (CHD):Results from a Prospective, Population-Based Cohort Study (EPICARD). J Neonatal Biol 6:1000253.
↵
1. Saleh HK
(2009) Pattern of congenital heart disease in Southern Yemeni children referred for echocardiography. Saudi Med J 30:824–828.
↵
1. Rashid U,
2. Qureshi AU,
3. Hyder SN,
4. Sadiq M
(2016) Pattern of congenital heart disease in a developing country tertiary care center:Factors associated with delayed diagnosis. Ann Pediatr Cardiol 9:210–215.
↵
1. Alnajjar AA,
2. Morsy MM,
3. Almuzainy IS,
4. Sheikh AA
(2009) Pediatric heart diseases in Madina, Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J 30:1186–11891.
↵
1. Alenezi AM,
2. Albawardi NM,
3. Ali A,
4. Househ MS,
5. Elmetawally A
(2015) The epidemiology of congenital heart diseases in Saudi Arabia:a systematic review. J Public Health Epidemiol 7:232–240.
↵
1. Majeed-Saidan MA,
2. Atiyah M,
3. Ammari AN,
4. AlHashem AM,
5. Rakaf MS,
6. Shoukri MM,
7. et al.
(2019) Patterns, prevalence, risk factors, and survival of newborns with congenital heart defects in a Saudi population:a three-year, cohort case-control study. J Congenit Heart Dis 3:2.
↵
1. Kafian Atary S,
2. Mirshahi A,
3. Amouzeshi A,
4. Ramazani AA,
5. Bahman B,
6. Hasanzadeh Tahery M,
7. et al.
(2019) Epidemiologic study of congenital heart diseases and its related factors in children referred to the pediatric cardiac clinic of Birjand University of Medical Sciences. Iran Int J Pediatr 7:10455–10463.
↵
1. Saxena A,
2. Mehta A,
3. Sharma M,
4. Salhan S,
5. Kalaivani M,
6. Ramakrishnan S,
7. Juneja R
(2016) Birth prevalence of congenital heart disease:A cross-sectional observational study from North India. Ann Pediatr Cardiol 9:205–209.
↵
1. Rahim F,
2. Ebadi A,
3. Saki G,
4. Remazani A
(2008) Prevalence of congenital heart disease in Iran:a clinical study. J Med Sci 8:547–552.
↵
1. Mohammad N,
2. Shaikh S,
3. Memon S,
4. Das H
(2014) Spectrum of heart disease in children under 5 years of age at Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad, Pakistan. Indian Heart J 66:145–149.
↵
1. Iyad AA,
2. Fares A,
3. Laila T
(2017) Incidence of congenital heart disease in jordanian children born at jordan university hospital:a seven-year retrospective study. Jordan Med J 51:109–117.
↵
1. Chatterjee S,
2. Dutta S,
3. Ghosh S,
4. Das S,
5. Bhattachary N
(2020) Congenital heart disease in the pediatric population in Eastern India:A descriptive study. Indian Pediatr 57:174–175.
↵
1. Reller MD,
2. Strickland MJ,
3. Riehle-Colarusso T,
4. Mahle WT,
5. Correa A
(2008) Prevalence of congenital heart defects in metropolitan Atlanta 1998-2005. J Pediatr 153:807–813.
↵
1. Ismail MT,
2. Hidayati F,
3. Krisdinarti L,
4. Noormanto N,
5. Nugroho S,
6. Wahab AS
(2015) Epidemiological profile of congenital heart disease in a national referral hospital. Acta Cardiologia Indonesiana 1:66–71.

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Ambient air pollutants in the first trimester of pregnancy and birth defects: an observational study

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Keywords

[1] ↵
Wu W,
He J,
Shao X
(2020) Incidence and mortality trend of congenital heart disease at the global, regional, and national level 1990-2017. Medicine 99:e20593.

[2] Wu W,

[3] He J,

[4] Shao X

[5] ↵
Saxena A
(2018) Congenital heart disease in India:A status report. Indian Pediatr 55:1075–1082.

[6] Saxena A

[7] ↵
Ekure EN,
Bode-Thomas F,
Sadoh WE,
Orogade AA,
Otaigbe BE,
Ujunwa F,
Sani UM,
et al.
(2017) Congenital heart defects in Nigerian children:preliminary data from the National Pediatric Cardiac Registry. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg 8:699–706.

[8] Ekure EN,

[9] Bode-Thomas F,

[10] Sadoh WE,

[11] Orogade AA,

[12] Otaigbe BE,

[13] Ujunwa F,

[14] Sani UM,

[15] et al.

[16] ↵
Ige OO,
Yilgwan CS,
Sagay AS,
Kanki P,
Thomas F
(2020) Congenital heart disease in neonates with external congenital anomalies in Jos, Nigeria. J Med Trop 22:19.

[17] Ige OO,

[18] Yilgwan CS,

[19] Sagay AS,

[20] Kanki P,

[21] Thomas F

[22] ↵
van der Linde D,
Konings EE,
Slager MA,
Witsenburg M,
Helbing WA,
Takkenberg JJ,
Roos-Hesselink JW
(2011) Birth prevalence of congenital heart disease worldwide:a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol 58:2241–2247.

[23] van der Linde D,

[24] Konings EE,

[25] Slager MA,

[26] Witsenburg M,

[27] Helbing WA,

[28] Takkenberg JJ,

[29] Roos-Hesselink JW

[30] ↵
Zhang YF,
Zeng XL,
Zhao EF,
Lu HW
(2015) Diagnostic value of fetal echocardiography for congenital heart disease:a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine 94:e1759.

[31] Zhang YF,

[32] Zeng XL,

[33] Zhao EF,

[34] Lu HW

[35] ↵
Al-Mesned A,
Al Akhfash AA,
Sayed M
(2012) Incidence of severe congenital heart disease at the province of Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia. Congenit Heart Dis 7:277–282.

[36] Al-Mesned A,

[37] Al Akhfash AA,

[38] Sayed M

[39] ↵
Liu Y,
Chen S,
Zuhlke L,
Black GC,
Choy MK,
Li N,
et al.
(2019) Global birth prevalence of congenital heart defects 1970-2017:updated systematic review and meta-analysis of 260 studies. Int J Epidemiol 48:455–463.

[40] Liu Y,

[41] Chen S,

[42] Zuhlke L,

[43] Black GC,

[44] Choy MK,

[45] Li N,

[46] et al.

[47] ↵
Rossano JW
(2020) Congenital heart disease:a global public health concern. Lancet Child Adolesc Health 4:168–169.

[48] Rossano JW

[49] ↵
Saquib N,
Zaghloul MS,
Mazrou A,
Saquib J
(2017) Cardiovascular disease research in Saudi Arabia:a bibliometric analysis. Scientometrics 112:111–140.

[50] Saquib N,

[51] Zaghloul MS,

[52] Mazrou A,

[53] Saquib J

[54] ↵
Abah RO,
Ochoga MO,
Audu OP,
Idoko A,
Eseigbe EE,
Dabit JO
(2018) Pattern of cardiac diseases among children in a tertiary hospital in North Central, Nigeria:A three and half years retrospective cohort echocardiographic study. Niger J Paediatr 45:6–9.

[55] Abah RO,

[56] Ochoga MO,

[57] Audu OP,

[58] Idoko A,

[59] Eseigbe EE,

[60] Dabit JO

[61] ↵
Asani M,
Aliyu I,
Kabir H
(2013) Profile of congenital heart defects among children at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. J Med Trop 15:131–134.

[62] Asani M,

[63] Aliyu I,

[64] Kabir H

[65] ↵
Meshram RM,
Gajimwar VS
(2018) Prevalence, profile, and pattern of congenital heart disease in Central India:A prospective, observational study. NigJ Cardiol 15:45.

[66] Meshram RM,

[67] Gajimwar VS

[68] ↵
Zhao QM,
Liu F,
Wu L,
Ma XJ,
Niu C,
Huang GY
(2019) Prevalence of congenital heart disease at live birth in China. J Pediatr 204:53–58.

[69] Zhao QM,

[70] Liu F,

[71] Wu L,

[72] Ma XJ,

[73] Niu C,

[74] Huang GY

[75] ↵
Lelong N,
Goffinet F,
Khoshnood B
(2017) Epidemiology of Congenital Heart Defects (CHD):Results from a Prospective, Population-Based Cohort Study (EPICARD). J Neonatal Biol 6:1000253.

[76] Lelong N,

[77] Goffinet F,

[78] Khoshnood B

[79] ↵
Saleh HK
(2009) Pattern of congenital heart disease in Southern Yemeni children referred for echocardiography. Saudi Med J 30:824–828.

[80] Saleh HK

[81] ↵
Rashid U,
Qureshi AU,
Hyder SN,
Sadiq M
(2016) Pattern of congenital heart disease in a developing country tertiary care center:Factors associated with delayed diagnosis. Ann Pediatr Cardiol 9:210–215.

[82] Rashid U,

[83] Qureshi AU,

[84] Hyder SN,

[85] Sadiq M

[86] ↵
Alnajjar AA,
Morsy MM,
Almuzainy IS,
Sheikh AA
(2009) Pediatric heart diseases in Madina, Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J 30:1186–11891.

[87] Alnajjar AA,

[88] Morsy MM,

[89] Almuzainy IS,

[90] Sheikh AA

[91] ↵
Alenezi AM,
Albawardi NM,
Ali A,
Househ MS,
Elmetawally A
(2015) The epidemiology of congenital heart diseases in Saudi Arabia:a systematic review. J Public Health Epidemiol 7:232–240.

[92] Alenezi AM,

[93] Albawardi NM,

[94] Ali A,

[95] Househ MS,

[96] Elmetawally A

[97] ↵
Majeed-Saidan MA,
Atiyah M,
Ammari AN,
AlHashem AM,
Rakaf MS,
Shoukri MM,
et al.
(2019) Patterns, prevalence, risk factors, and survival of newborns with congenital heart defects in a Saudi population:a three-year, cohort case-control study. J Congenit Heart Dis 3:2.

[98] Majeed-Saidan MA,

[99] Atiyah M,

[100] Ammari AN,

[101] AlHashem AM,

[102] Rakaf MS,

[103] Shoukri MM,

[104] et al.

[105] ↵
Kafian Atary S,
Mirshahi A,
Amouzeshi A,
Ramazani AA,
Bahman B,
Hasanzadeh Tahery M,
et al.
(2019) Epidemiologic study of congenital heart diseases and its related factors in children referred to the pediatric cardiac clinic of Birjand University of Medical Sciences. Iran Int J Pediatr 7:10455–10463.

[106] Kafian Atary S,

[107] Mirshahi A,

[108] Amouzeshi A,

[109] Ramazani AA,

[110] Bahman B,

[111] Hasanzadeh Tahery M,

[112] et al.

[113] ↵
Saxena A,
Mehta A,
Sharma M,
Salhan S,
Kalaivani M,
Ramakrishnan S,
Juneja R
(2016) Birth prevalence of congenital heart disease:A cross-sectional observational study from North India. Ann Pediatr Cardiol 9:205–209.

[114] Saxena A,

[115] Mehta A,

[116] Sharma M,

[117] Salhan S,

[118] Kalaivani M,

[119] Ramakrishnan S,

[120] Juneja R

[121] ↵
Rahim F,
Ebadi A,
Saki G,
Remazani A
(2008) Prevalence of congenital heart disease in Iran:a clinical study. J Med Sci 8:547–552.

[122] Rahim F,

[123] Ebadi A,

[124] Saki G,

[125] Remazani A

[126] ↵
Mohammad N,
Shaikh S,
Memon S,
Das H
(2014) Spectrum of heart disease in children under 5 years of age at Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad, Pakistan. Indian Heart J 66:145–149.

[127] Mohammad N,

[128] Shaikh S,

[129] Memon S,

[130] Das H

[131] ↵
Iyad AA,
Fares A,
Laila T
(2017) Incidence of congenital heart disease in jordanian children born at jordan university hospital:a seven-year retrospective study. Jordan Med J 51:109–117.

[132] Iyad AA,

[133] Fares A,

[134] Laila T

[135] ↵
Chatterjee S,
Dutta S,
Ghosh S,
Das S,
Bhattachary N
(2020) Congenital heart disease in the pediatric population in Eastern India:A descriptive study. Indian Pediatr 57:174–175.

[136] Chatterjee S,

[137] Dutta S,

[138] Ghosh S,

[139] Das S,

[140] Bhattachary N

[141] ↵
Reller MD,
Strickland MJ,
Riehle-Colarusso T,
Mahle WT,
Correa A
(2008) Prevalence of congenital heart defects in metropolitan Atlanta 1998-2005. J Pediatr 153:807–813.

[142] Reller MD,

[143] Strickland MJ,

[144] Riehle-Colarusso T,

[145] Mahle WT,

[146] Correa A

[147] ↵
Ismail MT,
Hidayati F,
Krisdinarti L,
Noormanto N,
Nugroho S,
Wahab AS
(2015) Epidemiological profile of congenital heart disease in a national referral hospital. Acta Cardiologia Indonesiana 1:66–71.

[148] Ismail MT,

[149] Hidayati F,

[150] Krisdinarti L,

[151] Noormanto N,

[152] Nugroho S,

[153] Wahab AS

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