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Research ArticleOriginal Article
Open Access

Parents’ awareness in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia regarding failure to thrive

A descriptive cross-sectional study

Reem A. Alshammari, Osama S. Alnezari, Waleed A. Alhirabi, Salm J. Alaamer, Abdulmajeed S. Alsadun, Abdulmalik F. Alhmazani, Yousef F. Bakrshoom and Ali H. Alharbi
Saudi Medical Journal December 2022, 43 (12) 1383-1389; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2022.43.12.20220511
Reem A. Alshammari
From the Department of Pediatric (Alshammari), University of Hail-Medical College, and from the College of Medicine (Alnezari, Alhirabi, Alaamer, Alsadun, Alhmazani, Bakrshoom, Alharbi), University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Osama S. Alnezari
From the Department of Pediatric (Alshammari), University of Hail-Medical College, and from the College of Medicine (Alnezari, Alhirabi, Alaamer, Alsadun, Alhmazani, Bakrshoom, Alharbi), University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Waleed A. Alhirabi
From the Department of Pediatric (Alshammari), University of Hail-Medical College, and from the College of Medicine (Alnezari, Alhirabi, Alaamer, Alsadun, Alhmazani, Bakrshoom, Alharbi), University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Salm J. Alaamer
From the Department of Pediatric (Alshammari), University of Hail-Medical College, and from the College of Medicine (Alnezari, Alhirabi, Alaamer, Alsadun, Alhmazani, Bakrshoom, Alharbi), University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Abdulmajeed S. Alsadun
From the Department of Pediatric (Alshammari), University of Hail-Medical College, and from the College of Medicine (Alnezari, Alhirabi, Alaamer, Alsadun, Alhmazani, Bakrshoom, Alharbi), University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Abdulmalik F. Alhmazani
From the Department of Pediatric (Alshammari), University of Hail-Medical College, and from the College of Medicine (Alnezari, Alhirabi, Alaamer, Alsadun, Alhmazani, Bakrshoom, Alharbi), University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Yousef F. Bakrshoom
From the Department of Pediatric (Alshammari), University of Hail-Medical College, and from the College of Medicine (Alnezari, Alhirabi, Alaamer, Alsadun, Alhmazani, Bakrshoom, Alharbi), University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Ali H. Alharbi
From the Department of Pediatric (Alshammari), University of Hail-Medical College, and from the College of Medicine (Alnezari, Alhirabi, Alaamer, Alsadun, Alhmazani, Bakrshoom, Alharbi), University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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  • Article
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Article Figures & Data

Figures

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  • Figure 1
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    Figure 1

    - The regional distribution of the awareness level regarding failure to thrive.

  • Figure 2
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    Figure 2

    - The educational distribution of the awareness level regarding failure to thrive.

  • Figure 3
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    Figure 3

    - The nationality and occupation status distribution of the awareness level regarding failure to thrive. A) Nationality distribution of the level of awareness of failure to thrive, B) Occupational distribution of the level of awareness of failure to thrive.

Tables

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    Table 1

    - General characteristics of the studied sample (N=4404).

    Factorsn%
    Age in year
    15-30147433.5
    31-40138931.5
    41-50111025.2
    >504319.8
    Gender
    Female309070.2
    Male131429.8
    Nationality
    Non-Saudi2445.5
    Saudi416094.5
    Region
    Central region82818.8
    Eastern region88020.0
    Southern region98822.4
    Northern region64714.7
    Western region106124.1
    Education
    primary school1252.8
    Middle school1814.1
    High school72816.5
    University288265.4
    Postgraduate3948.9
    Illiterate942.1
    Occupation
    Employed249456.6
    Unemployed191043.4
    • View popup
    Table 2

    - Selected characteristics of the sample, and their association with the awareness level regarding failure to thrive.

    Awareness level of the participating parents
    FactorsGood awarenessIntermediate awarenessPoor awarenessP-value
    Age in year
    15-3030 (0.6)975 (22.1)469 (10.6)0.583
    31-4030 (0.6)926 (21.0)433 (9.8)
    41-5022 (0.4)730 (16.5)358 (8.1)
    >5015 (0.3)273 (6.1)143 (3.2)
    Gender
    Female65 (1.4)2015 (45)1010 (22.9)0.171
    Male32 (0.7)889 (20)393 (8.9)
    Region
    Central region63 (1.4)604 (13.7)161 (3.6)0.000*
    Eastern region0424 (9.6)456 (10.3)
    Southern region16 (0.3)551 (12.5)421 (9.5)
    Northern region18 (0.4)561 (12.7)68 (1.5)
    Western region0764 (17.3)297 (6.7)
    Education
    University71 (1.6)1892 (42.9)919 (20.8)0.000*
    High school12 (0.2)472 (10.7)244 (5.5)
    Postgraduate9 (0.2)265 (6)120 (2.7)
    Middle school4 (0.1)117 (2.6)60 (1.3)
    Primary school074 (1.6)51 (1.1)
    Illiterate1 (0.02)84 (1.9)9 (0.02)
    Nationality
    Saudi85 (1.9)2685 (60.0)1327 (30.1)0.008*
    Non-Saudi11 (.2)170 (3.0)63 (1.4)
    Occupation
    Employed55 (1.2)1682 (38.0)757 (17.1)0.048*
    Unemployed42 (0.9)1222 (27.0)646 (14.6)

    *Significant

      • View popup
      Table 3

      - Awareness-measuring questions about failure to thrive and its factors.

      FactorsThe correct answersn%
      How do you know that your child is gaining the ideal weight for his age?Go to medical visits and examine it and take growth indicators periodically149934.0
      Have you seen sources to explain the nutritional programs appropriate for your childrenYes294866.9
      Do you think that family history has anything to do with poor child’s weight?No69415.8
      What is the common cause of poor normal weight gain?Malnutrition232452.8
      What are the factors that may lead to poor weight of the child?Premature birth183419.7
      Double weight at birth171818.6
      Chronic diseases269229.0
      Teen mother9169.9
      Educational level for child care8759.4
      In Your opinion What is the right time to break the baby about milk feeding?At the age of 2 years245555.7
      What is the most appropriate time to make food?At the age of 4-6 months256458.2
      How much do you think your child needs to feed (rice, vegetables, fruit, white meat) before a year?More than 50%146133.2
      How much do you think your child needs to feed (juice or milk domestic record) before a year?More than 50%118226.8
      How can the number of meals and their quantity during the day can vary between babies and bulldozers?The baby is given a few foods and a quantity, fish, textures, and gradual diversity with age218449.6
      Is it permissible to have the oldest age of the year and his meal with family?Yes273062.0
      When a child loses or loses weight, what is appropriate to do, and in your opinion, a successful outcome for treating the condition?Go to children’s clinic for medical consultation3628.2
      The neglect of the child or child abuse can lead to weight decrease?Yes375385.2
      Thyroid activity can lead to insufficient weight gain?Yes272261.8
      What is the first signs of growth failure?Weight loss49911.3
      Failure to treat growth failure can affect mental abilities?Yes305869.4
      Delay in giving vaccinations to the child can leads to failure to thrive?No104336.3
      In the event of severe growth failure, is it possible for short stature and small head circumference to occur with weight loss?Yes282964.2

      Values are presented as number and percentage (%).

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      Parents’ awareness in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia regarding failure to thrive
      Reem A. Alshammari, Osama S. Alnezari, Waleed A. Alhirabi, Salm J. Alaamer, Abdulmajeed S. Alsadun, Abdulmalik F. Alhmazani, Yousef F. Bakrshoom, Ali H. Alharbi
      Saudi Medical Journal Dec 2022, 43 (12) 1383-1389; DOI: 10.15537/smj.2022.43.12.20220511

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      Parents’ awareness in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia regarding failure to thrive
      Reem A. Alshammari, Osama S. Alnezari, Waleed A. Alhirabi, Salm J. Alaamer, Abdulmajeed S. Alsadun, Abdulmalik F. Alhmazani, Yousef F. Bakrshoom, Ali H. Alharbi
      Saudi Medical Journal Dec 2022, 43 (12) 1383-1389; DOI: 10.15537/smj.2022.43.12.20220511
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      Keywords

      • awareness
      • parents
      • failure to thrive
      • growth faltering
      • growth failure

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