Survival and prognostic factors in women treated for epithelial ovarian cancer in western region of Saudi Arabia

Khalid H. Sait; Mohammad Z. Alam; Absarul Haque; Hesham K. Sait; Maram K. Sait; Nisreen M. Anfinan

doi:10.15537/smj.2022.43.2.20210626

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Figure 1
- Progression free survival. Kaplan-Meier survival curves of the most significant prognostic factors for disease-free survival in epithelial ovarian cancer.
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Figure 2
- Overall survival. Kaplan-Meier survival curves of the most significant prognostic factors for overall survival in epithelial ovarian cancer.

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Table 1

- Demographic, clinical, and tumor characteristics of patients with ovarian cancer (N=144).

Variable	Median (range)	n	(%)
Age (years)
20-39		41	(28.5)
40-59		66	(45.8)
60-85		37	(25.7)
Median (range)	49.5 (20.0-85.0)
Marital status
Never married		22	(15.3)
Married		122	(84.7)
Body mass index (kg/m2)
Underweight (<18.5)		5	(3.5)
Normal (18.5-24.9)		38	(26.4)
Overweight (25.0-29.9)		49	(34.0)
Obese (30+)		52	(36.1)
Median (range)	27.9 (14.6-44.73)
Parity
Nullipara		38	(26.4)
1-3		55	(38.2)
>4		51	(35.4)
Median (range)	3 (0-13)
Medical disease
No		69	(47.9)
Yes		75	(52.1)
Histopathology
Serous		110	(76.4)
Non-serous		34	(23.6)
Mucinous		24	(16.7)
Endometroid		8	(5.6)
Clear cell		2	(1.4)
Stage
I		42	(29.2)
II		16	(11.1)
III		69	(47.9)
IV		17	(11.8)
Grade
1		37	(25.7)
2		26	(18.1)
3		81	(56.3)
Residual disease
0		77	(53.5)
<1		16	(11.1)
>1		51	(35.4)
Chemotherapy
No		44	(30.6)
Yes		100	(69.4)
Carboplatin and paclitaxel		82	(56.9)
Carboplatin alone		18	(18.0)
Disease progression
No		90	(62.5)
Recurrence		49	(34.0)
Persistent disease		5	(3.5)
Last follow up status
Alive		76	(52.8)
Deceased		68	(47.2)
Follow up period (years)
Median (range)	3.4 (2.2-17.1)
Mean (SD)	4.43 (3.90)

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Table 2

- Prognostic factors affecting overall survival and progression free survival among ovarian cancer patients (N=144).

Parameters	n	PFS (months)			OS (months)
Parameters	n	% censored	Mean (95% CI)	Log rank	% censored	Mean (95% CI)	Log rank
Age (years)
20-39	41	75.6	141.9 (115.6-168.2)	<0.001*	80.5	152.6 (128.0-177.2)	<0.001*
40-59	66	37.9	72.7 (53.3-92.2)		50.0	89.9 (70.1-109.8)
60-85	37	21.6	42.4 (24.1-60.7)		27.0	50.2 (31.5-68.8)
BMI levels (kg/m2)
Underweight	5	40.0	85.2 (8.0-162.4)	0.942	40.0	89.0 (14.5-163.5)	0.791
Normal	38	50.0	89.0 (61.9-116.1)		63.2	106.8 (78.7-134.9
Overweight	49	44.9	67.6 (49.9-85.4)		51.0	75.6 (58.3-92.9)
Obese	52	40.4	74.9 (53.3-96.4)		48.1	88.7 (66.7-110.7)
Parity
Nullipara	38	52.6	76.5 (56.4-96.5)	0.388	57.9	82.0 (63.0-101.1)	0.126
1-3	55	49.1	88.0 (64.4-111.7)		63.6	114.5 (89.0-140.0)
> 4	51	33.3	65.8 (45.3-86.2)		37.3	73.8 (54.1-93.4)
Marital status
Single	22	54.5	67.7 (44.7-90.7)	0.567	59.1	79.7 (55.5-103.9)	0.912
Married	111	44.1	82.9 (66.6-99.2)		52.3	95.5 (78.8-112.2)
Divorced	5	0.0	34.2 (19.2-49.2)		40.0	91.8 (24.4-159.2)
Widow	6	50.0	47.2 (9.4-85.0)		50.0	48.2 (11.0-85.4)
Histopathology
Clear cell	2	50.0	35.0 (0.0-72.4)	0.004*	100.0	NC	0.025*
Endometroid	8	50.0	119.2 (68.1-170-2)		62.5	126.1 (73.3-178.9)
Mucinous	24	79.2	145.2 (109.7-180.7)		79.2	145.3 (109.9-180.7)
serous	110	36.4	64.7 (50.6-78.8)		45.5	80.7 (65.5-95.9)
Type
Serous	110	36.4	64.7 (50.6-78.8)	<0.001*	45.5	80.7 (65.5-95.9)	0.003*
Non-serous	34	70.6	134.1 (105.6-162.6)	<0.001*	76.5	145.2 (117.1-173.2)	0.003*
Stage
I	42	85.7	163.6 (143.9-183.3)	<0.001*	88.1	169.7 (152.2-187.3)	<0.001*
II	16	50.0	67.3 (46.6-88.0)		62.5	81.1 (62.7-98.6)
III	69	23.2	42.5 (28.1-56.9)		34.8	54.4 (38.5-70.3)
IV	17	23.5	36.6 (11.6-61.7)		29.4	49.9 (24.3-75.5)
Grade
1	37	83.8	141.8 (124.6-158.9)	<0.001*	83.8	141.8 (124.8-158.9)	<0.001*
2	26	57.7	110.6 (74.8-146.3)		61.5	119.1 (84.7-153.4)
3	81	22.2	43.6 (29.9-57.4)		35.8	60.5 (44.6-76.4)
Residual disease (cm)
0	77	74.0	137.2 (118.4-156.1)	<0.001*	77.9	145.7 (127.1-164.3)	<0.001
<1	16	12.5	23.7 (18.2-29.3)		31.3	48.1 (36.1-60.0)
>1	51	9.8	21.2 (12.9-29.4)		21.6	38.2 (26.5-50.0)
Chemotherapy
No	44	77.3	147.3 (123.3-171.3)	<0.001*	77.3	147.3 (123.3-171.3)	<0.001*
Carboplatin and taxane	82	32.9	55.8 (40.5-71.1)		46.3	69.4 (53.2-85.6)
Carboplatin	15	20.0	58.3 (23.8-92.8)		26.7	72.4 (34.5-110.2)
Recurrence
No	90	-	-	-	71.1	128.8 (109.2-148.4)	<0.001*
Yes	49	-	-		24.5	55.3 (40.7-69.9)
Persistent disease	5	-	-		0.0	9.0 (3.9-14.1)

Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. *Statistically significant result (log rank<0.05). NC: Statistics were not calculated because all observations were censored. DFS: disease-free survival, OS: overall survival, BMI: body mass index