Current controversies in the management of patients with indeterminate thyroid nodules

Article Figures & Data

Table 1

-Different studies of cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules in Saudi Arabia.

Study	Year	Bethesda category	Conclusions
Batawil and Alkordy¹²	2014	III & IV	US has limited accuracy or predictive value. Surgery is the recommended treatment for indeterminate thyroid nodules.
Alqahtani et al¹³	2017	III	Repeating FNAC has a significant role in discriminating benign from malignant nodules. No correlation between age or US variables and ROM. Men have a higher ROM.
Al Dawish et al²⁴	2020	III	ACR TI-RADS displays accurate diagnostic performance in predicting malignancy.
Al-Hakami et al¹⁴	2020	III, IV, & V	The McGill Thyroid Nodule Score is helpful in preoperative decision-making in CITNs.
Alshahrani et al¹⁵	2021	III	Irregular margins, microcalcifications, multiple nodules, and hypoechogenicities increase the ROM.
Alqahtani et al²	2022	III & IV	None of the examined clinical or radiological features (ACR TI-RADS) contribute to the cancer risk stratification.
Alyousif et al¹⁶	2022	III & IV	ACR TI-RADS is significantly correlated with the FNAC outcome and is a useful tool in the absence of molecular tests for thyroid cancer.
Alqahtani et al¹⁷	2022	III	ACR TI-RADS does not help in cancer risk stratification. Repeated FNAC in AUS/FLUS nodules is recommended.

ACR TI-RADS: American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System, AUS: atypia of undetermined significance, CITN: cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodule, FLUS: follicular lesion of undetermined significance, FNAC: fine-needle aspiration cytology, ROM: risk of malignancy, US: ultrasound