Surgical site infections in a tertiary hospital over 10 years: The effect of hospital accreditation strategy implementation

Lateefah T. Alshammari; Sarah A. Alkatheer; Maymona B. AlShoaibi; Aqdas A. Alomran; Sharifah N. Almulhim; Reem Y. Aljindan; Yasser M. Aljehani; Khaled R. Alkharsah

doi:10.15537/smj.2020.9.25347

References

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1. Mioton LM,
2. Jordan SW,
3. Hanwright PJ,
4. Bilimoria KY,
5. Kim JY
(2013) The relationship between preoperative wound classification and postoperative infection:A multi-institutional analysis of 15,289 patients. Arch Plast Surg 40:522–529.
↵
1. Berrios-Torres SI,
2. Umscheid CA,
3. Bratzler DW,
4. Leas B,
5. Stone EC,
6. Kelz RR,
7. et al.
(2017) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Guideline for the prevention of surgical site infection 2017. JAMA Surg 152:784–791.
↵
1. Weiss CA 3rd.,
2. Statz CL,
3. Dahms RA,
4. Remucal MJ,
5. Dunn DL,
6. Beilman GJ
(1999) Six years of surgical wound infection surveillance at a tertiary care center:review of the microbiologic and epidemiological aspects of 20,007 wounds. Arch Surg 134:1041–1048.
↵
1. Ou L,
2. Chen J,
3. Hillman K,
4. Flabouris A,
5. Parr M,
6. Assareh H,
7. et al.
(2017) The impact of post-operative sepsis on mortality after hospital discharge among elective surgical patients:a population-based cohort study. Crit Care 21:34.
↵
1. Eltahawy AT,
2. Mokhtar AA,
3. Khalaf RM,
4. Bahnassy AA
(1992) Postoperative wound infection at a university hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. J Hosp Infect 21:79–83.
↵
1. Ban KA,
2. Minei JP,
3. Laronga C,
4. Harbrecht BG,
5. Jensen EH,
6. Fry DE,
7. et al.
(2017) American College of Surgeons and Surgical Infection Society:Surgical Site Infection Guidelines, 2016 Update. J Am Coll Surg 224:59–74.
↵
1. Mangram AJ,
2. Horan TC,
3. Pearson ML,
4. Silver LC,
5. Jarvis WR
(1999) Guideline for Prevention of Surgical Site Infection 1999 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. Am J Infect Control 27:97–132, quiz 3-4;discussion 96. Epub 1999/04/10.
↵
1. Parvizi J,
2. Barnes S,
3. Shohat N,
4. Edmiston CE Jr.
(2017) Environment of care:Is it time to reassess microbial contamination of the operating room air as a risk factor for surgical site infection in total joint arthroplasty? Am J Infect Control 45:1267–1272.
↵
1. Alfonso-Sanchez JL,
2. Martinez IM,
3. Martin-Moreno JM,
4. Gonzalez RS,
5. Botia F
(2017) Analyzing the risk factors influencing surgical site infections:the site of environmental factors. Can J Surg 60:155–161.
↵
1. Isik O,
2. Kaya E,
3. Dundar HZ,
4. Sarkut P
(2015) Surgical site infection:Re-assessment of the risk factors. Chirurgia (Bucur) 110:457–461.
↵
1. van Walraven C,
2. Musselman R
(2013) The surgical site infection Risk Score (SSIRS):A model to predict the risk of surgical site infections. PLoS One 8:e67167.
↵
1. Anderson DJ,
2. Podgorny K,
3. Berrios-Torres SI,
4. Bratzler DW,
5. Dellinger EP,
6. Greene L,
7. et al.
(2014) Strategies to prevent surgical site infections in acute care hospitals:2014 update. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 35:605–627.
↵
1. Mueck KM,
2. Kao LS
(2017) Patients at high-risk for surgical site infection. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 18:440–446.
↵
1. de Lissovoy G,
2. Fraeman K,
3. Hutchins V,
4. Murphy D,
5. Song D,
6. Vaughn BB
(2009) Surgical site infection:incidence and impact on hospital utilization and treatment costs. Am J Infect Control 37:387–397.
↵
1. Schweizer ML,
2. Cullen JJ,
3. Perencevich EN,
4. Vaughan Sarrazin MS
(2014) Costs associated with surgical site infections in Veterans Affairs Hospitals. JAMA Surg 149:575–581.
↵
1. Jenks PJ,
2. Laurent M,
3. McQuarry S,
4. Watkins R
(2014) Clinical and economic burden of surgical site infection (SSI) and predicted financial consequences of elimination of SSI from an English hospital. J Hosp Infect 86:24–33.
↵
1. Classen DC,
2. Evans RS,
3. Pestotnik SL,
4. Horn SD,
5. Menlove RL,
6. Burke JP
(1992) The timing of prophylactic administration of antibiotics and the risk of surgical-wound infection. N Engl J Med 326:281–286.
↵
1. Bratzler DW,
2. Hunt DR
(2006) The surgical infection prevention and surgical care improvement projects:national initiatives to improve outcomes for patients having surgery. Clin Infect Dis 43:322–330.
↵
1. Gandaglia G,
2. Ghani KR,
3. Sood A,
4. Meyers JR,
5. Sammon JD,
6. Schmid M,
7. et al.
(2014) Effect of minimally invasive surgery on the risk for surgical site infections:results from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) Database. JAMA Surg 149:1039–1044.
↵
1. Leaper DJ,
2. Edmiston CE
(2017) World Health Organization:global guidelines for the prevention of surgical site infection. J Hosp Infect 95:135–136.
↵
1. JCI. Joint Commission International Accreditation Standards for Hospitals
(2013) Joint Commission International 5th ed, 72.
↵
1. JCI
Pathway to JCI Accreditation, cited 2019 November 20th 2019;Available from: https://www.jointcommissioninternational.org/accreditation/pathway-to-accreditation/.
↵
1. Onyekwelu I,
2. Yakkanti R,
3. Protzer L,
4. Pinkston CM,
5. Tucker C,
6. Seligson D
(2017) Surgical wound classification and surgical site infections in the orthopaedic patient. J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev 1:e022.
↵
1. ECDC. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
(2016) Annual Epidemiological Report 2016 - Surgical site infections.
↵
1. Bandyk DF
(2008) Vascular surgical site infection:risk factors and preventive measures. Semin Vasc Surg 21:119–123.
↵
1. Aljindan R,
2. Bukharie H,
3. Alomar A,
4. Abdalhamid B
(2015) Prevalence of digestive tract colonization of Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in hospitals in Saudi Arabia. J Med Microbiol 64(Pt 4):400–406.
1. Pellegrini CA
(2016) Antibiotic resistance causing issues for surgical patients. Bull Am Coll Surg 101:72–73.
↵
1. Alam MZ,
2. Alam Q,
3. Jiman-Fatani AA,
4. shukri HA,
5. Haque A
(2017) A surveillance study on the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance pattern among different groups of bacteria isolated from Western province of Saudi Arabia. Biomedical Research 28:898–906.
↵
1. Aljindan R,
2. Alsamman K,
3. Elhadi N
(2018) ERIC-PCR Genotyping of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from different clinical specimens. Saudi J Med Med Sci 6:13–17.

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Keywords

[1] ↵
Mioton LM,
Jordan SW,
Hanwright PJ,
Bilimoria KY,
Kim JY
(2013) The relationship between preoperative wound classification and postoperative infection:A multi-institutional analysis of 15,289 patients. Arch Plast Surg 40:522–529.

[2] Mioton LM,

[3] Jordan SW,

[4] Hanwright PJ,

[5] Bilimoria KY,

[6] Kim JY

[7] ↵
Berrios-Torres SI,
Umscheid CA,
Bratzler DW,
Leas B,
Stone EC,
Kelz RR,
et al.
(2017) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Guideline for the prevention of surgical site infection 2017. JAMA Surg 152:784–791.

[8] Berrios-Torres SI,

[9] Umscheid CA,

[10] Bratzler DW,

[11] Leas B,

[12] Stone EC,

[13] Kelz RR,

[14] et al.

[15] ↵
Weiss CA 3rd.,
Statz CL,
Dahms RA,
Remucal MJ,
Dunn DL,
Beilman GJ
(1999) Six years of surgical wound infection surveillance at a tertiary care center:review of the microbiologic and epidemiological aspects of 20,007 wounds. Arch Surg 134:1041–1048.

[16] Weiss CA 3rd.,

[17] Statz CL,

[18] Dahms RA,

[19] Remucal MJ,

[20] Dunn DL,

[21] Beilman GJ

[22] ↵
Ou L,
Chen J,
Hillman K,
Flabouris A,
Parr M,
Assareh H,
et al.
(2017) The impact of post-operative sepsis on mortality after hospital discharge among elective surgical patients:a population-based cohort study. Crit Care 21:34.

[23] Ou L,

[24] Chen J,

[25] Hillman K,

[26] Flabouris A,

[27] Parr M,

[28] Assareh H,

[29] et al.

[30] ↵
Eltahawy AT,
Mokhtar AA,
Khalaf RM,
Bahnassy AA
(1992) Postoperative wound infection at a university hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. J Hosp Infect 21:79–83.

[31] Eltahawy AT,

[32] Mokhtar AA,

[33] Khalaf RM,

[34] Bahnassy AA

[35] ↵
Ban KA,
Minei JP,
Laronga C,
Harbrecht BG,
Jensen EH,
Fry DE,
et al.
(2017) American College of Surgeons and Surgical Infection Society:Surgical Site Infection Guidelines, 2016 Update. J Am Coll Surg 224:59–74.

[36] Ban KA,

[37] Minei JP,

[38] Laronga C,

[39] Harbrecht BG,

[40] Jensen EH,

[41] Fry DE,

[42] et al.

[43] ↵
Mangram AJ,
Horan TC,
Pearson ML,
Silver LC,
Jarvis WR
(1999) Guideline for Prevention of Surgical Site Infection 1999 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. Am J Infect Control 27:97–132, quiz 3-4;discussion 96. Epub 1999/04/10.

[44] Mangram AJ,

[45] Horan TC,

[46] Pearson ML,

[47] Silver LC,

[48] Jarvis WR

[49] ↵
Parvizi J,
Barnes S,
Shohat N,
Edmiston CE Jr.
(2017) Environment of care:Is it time to reassess microbial contamination of the operating room air as a risk factor for surgical site infection in total joint arthroplasty? Am J Infect Control 45:1267–1272.

[50] Parvizi J,

[51] Barnes S,

[52] Shohat N,

[53] Edmiston CE Jr.

[54] ↵
Alfonso-Sanchez JL,
Martinez IM,
Martin-Moreno JM,
Gonzalez RS,
Botia F
(2017) Analyzing the risk factors influencing surgical site infections:the site of environmental factors. Can J Surg 60:155–161.

[55] Alfonso-Sanchez JL,

[56] Martinez IM,

[57] Martin-Moreno JM,

[58] Gonzalez RS,

[59] Botia F

[60] ↵
Isik O,
Kaya E,
Dundar HZ,
Sarkut P
(2015) Surgical site infection:Re-assessment of the risk factors. Chirurgia (Bucur) 110:457–461.

[61] Isik O,

[62] Kaya E,

[63] Dundar HZ,

[64] Sarkut P

[65] ↵
van Walraven C,
Musselman R
(2013) The surgical site infection Risk Score (SSIRS):A model to predict the risk of surgical site infections. PLoS One 8:e67167.

[66] van Walraven C,

[67] Musselman R

[68] ↵
Anderson DJ,
Podgorny K,
Berrios-Torres SI,
Bratzler DW,
Dellinger EP,
Greene L,
et al.
(2014) Strategies to prevent surgical site infections in acute care hospitals:2014 update. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 35:605–627.

[69] Anderson DJ,

[70] Podgorny K,

[71] Berrios-Torres SI,

[72] Bratzler DW,

[73] Dellinger EP,

[74] Greene L,

[75] et al.

[76] ↵
Mueck KM,
Kao LS
(2017) Patients at high-risk for surgical site infection. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 18:440–446.

[77] Mueck KM,

[78] Kao LS

[79] ↵
de Lissovoy G,
Fraeman K,
Hutchins V,
Murphy D,
Song D,
Vaughn BB
(2009) Surgical site infection:incidence and impact on hospital utilization and treatment costs. Am J Infect Control 37:387–397.

[80] de Lissovoy G,

[81] Fraeman K,

[82] Hutchins V,

[83] Murphy D,

[84] Song D,

[85] Vaughn BB

[86] ↵
Schweizer ML,
Cullen JJ,
Perencevich EN,
Vaughan Sarrazin MS
(2014) Costs associated with surgical site infections in Veterans Affairs Hospitals. JAMA Surg 149:575–581.

[87] Schweizer ML,

[88] Cullen JJ,

[89] Perencevich EN,

[90] Vaughan Sarrazin MS

[91] ↵
Jenks PJ,
Laurent M,
McQuarry S,
Watkins R
(2014) Clinical and economic burden of surgical site infection (SSI) and predicted financial consequences of elimination of SSI from an English hospital. J Hosp Infect 86:24–33.

[92] Jenks PJ,

[93] Laurent M,

[94] McQuarry S,

[95] Watkins R

[96] ↵
Classen DC,
Evans RS,
Pestotnik SL,
Horn SD,
Menlove RL,
Burke JP
(1992) The timing of prophylactic administration of antibiotics and the risk of surgical-wound infection. N Engl J Med 326:281–286.

[97] Classen DC,

[98] Evans RS,

[99] Pestotnik SL,

[100] Horn SD,

[101] Menlove RL,

[102] Burke JP

[103] ↵
Bratzler DW,
Hunt DR
(2006) The surgical infection prevention and surgical care improvement projects:national initiatives to improve outcomes for patients having surgery. Clin Infect Dis 43:322–330.

[104] Bratzler DW,

[105] Hunt DR

[106] ↵
Gandaglia G,
Ghani KR,
Sood A,
Meyers JR,
Sammon JD,
Schmid M,
et al.
(2014) Effect of minimally invasive surgery on the risk for surgical site infections:results from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) Database. JAMA Surg 149:1039–1044.

[107] Gandaglia G,

[108] Ghani KR,

[109] Sood A,

[110] Meyers JR,

[111] Sammon JD,

[112] Schmid M,

[113] et al.

[114] ↵
Leaper DJ,
Edmiston CE
(2017) World Health Organization:global guidelines for the prevention of surgical site infection. J Hosp Infect 95:135–136.

[115] Leaper DJ,

[116] Edmiston CE

[117] ↵
JCI. Joint Commission International Accreditation Standards for Hospitals
(2013) Joint Commission International 5th ed, 72.

[118] JCI. Joint Commission International Accreditation Standards for Hospitals

[119] ↵
JCI
Pathway to JCI Accreditation, cited 2019 November 20th 2019;Available from: https://www.jointcommissioninternational.org/accreditation/pathway-to-accreditation/.

[120] JCI

[121] ↵
Onyekwelu I,
Yakkanti R,
Protzer L,
Pinkston CM,
Tucker C,
Seligson D
(2017) Surgical wound classification and surgical site infections in the orthopaedic patient. J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev 1:e022.

[122] Onyekwelu I,

[123] Yakkanti R,

[124] Protzer L,

[125] Pinkston CM,

[126] Tucker C,

[127] Seligson D

[128] ↵
ECDC. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
(2016) Annual Epidemiological Report 2016 - Surgical site infections.

[129] ECDC. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control

[130] ↵
Bandyk DF
(2008) Vascular surgical site infection:risk factors and preventive measures. Semin Vasc Surg 21:119–123.

[131] Bandyk DF

[132] ↵
Aljindan R,
Bukharie H,
Alomar A,
Abdalhamid B
(2015) Prevalence of digestive tract colonization of Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in hospitals in Saudi Arabia. J Med Microbiol 64(Pt 4):400–406.

[133] Aljindan R,

[134] Bukharie H,

[135] Alomar A,

[136] Abdalhamid B

[137] Pellegrini CA
(2016) Antibiotic resistance causing issues for surgical patients. Bull Am Coll Surg 101:72–73.

[138] Pellegrini CA

[139] ↵
Alam MZ,
Alam Q,
Jiman-Fatani AA,
shukri HA,
Haque A
(2017) A surveillance study on the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance pattern among different groups of bacteria isolated from Western province of Saudi Arabia. Biomedical Research 28:898–906.

[140] Alam MZ,

[141] Alam Q,

[142] Jiman-Fatani AA,

[143] shukri HA,

[144] Haque A

[145] ↵
Aljindan R,
Alsamman K,
Elhadi N
(2018) ERIC-PCR Genotyping of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from different clinical specimens. Saudi J Med Med Sci 6:13–17.

[146] Aljindan R,

[147] Alsamman K,

[148] Elhadi N

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The effect of hospital accreditation strategy implementation

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The effect of hospital accreditation strategy implementation

References

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