Article Figures & Data
Tables
- Table 1
- Distribution of sociodemographic characteristics of study participants, exposure to depression risk factors, and its association with severity of depression among adolescent students in Riyadh (n=960).
Variables Depression Status n (%) Mild n=649 (67.6) Moderate n=194 (20.2) Severe n=117 (12.2) P-value Age 12-15 340 (73.3) 75 (16.2) 49 (10.6) 0.002* 16-19 309 (62.3) 119 (24) 68 (13.7) Gender Male 379 (76.9) 73 (14.8) 41 (8.3) 0.000* Female 270 (57.8) 121 (25.9) 76 (16.3) Grade Intermediate school 314 (71.4) 75 (17.0) 51 (11.6) 0.051 Secondary school 335 (64.4) 119 (22.9) 66 (12.7) School type Public 216 (60) 97 (26.9) 47 (13.1) 0.004* Private 433 (72.2) 97 (16.2) 70 (11.7) Mother education level Low 191 (64.1) 67 (22.5) 40 (13.4) 0.186 High 305 (66.7) 95 (21.0) 56 (12.3) Not known 153 (74.6) 32 (15.1) 21 (10.2) Father education level Low 83 (53.5) 48 (31.0) 24 (15.5) 0.004* High 431 (70) 110 (17.9) 75 (12.2) Not known 135 (71.4) 36 (19.0) 18 (9.5) Parents Status Married 597 (68.6) 172 (19.8) 101 (11.6) 0.031* Divorce 36 (57.1) 13 (20.6) 14 (22.2) One or both died 16 (59.3) 9 (33.3) 2 (7.4) Internet Use 0-2 hours 108 (75.5) 20 (14.0) 15 (10.5) 0.000* 3-4 hours 197 (75.2) 47 (17.9) 18 (6.9) >5 hours 344 (62) 127 (22.9) 84 (15.1) Video Games 0-2 hours 461 (67.3) 143 (20.9) 81 (11.8) 0.169 3-4 hours 111 (73.5) 26 (17.2) 14 (9.3) >5 hours 77 (62.1) 25 (20.2) 22 (17.7) Relationship with family Poor 5 (14.7) 9 (26.5) 20 (58.8) 0.000* Somewhat good 78 (36.8) 76 (35.8) 58 (27.4) Very good 566 (79.3) 109 (15.3) 39 (5.5) Relationship with friends Poor 15 (37.5) 9 (22.5) 16 (40.0) 0.000* Somewhat good 109 (53.7) 53 (26.1) 41 (20.2) Very good 525 (73.2) 132 (18.4) 60 (8.4) Physically Active Yes 259 (75.7) 59 (17.3) 24 (7.0) 0.000* No 390 (63.1) 135 (21.8) 93 (15.0) Experienced physical violence by a parent Yes 70 (42.9) 44 (27.0) 49 (30.1) 0.000* No 579 (72.6) 150 (18.8) 68 (8.5) Experienced emotionally abused by a parent Yes 101 (39.1) 83 (32.2) 74 (28.7) 0.000* No 548 (78.1) 111 (15.8) 43 (6.1) The difficulty level in doing daily tasks or get along with people Not difficult at all 401 (88.3) 40 (8.8) 13 (2.9) 0.000* Somewhat difficult 234 (56.5) 122 (29.5) 58 (14.0) Very difficult 12 (17.1) 29 (41.4) 29 (41.4) Extremely difficult 2 (9.1) 3 (13.6) 17 (77.3) Data is presented as numbers and percentages (%). *Statistically significant p<0.05
- Table 2
- Binary logistic regression model results of possible predictors of depression among adolescent students in Riyadh.
Variables B Std. Error Wald df Sig. OR 95% Confidence Interval Age 12-15 -0.255 0.175 2.123 1 0.145 0.775 0.550-1.092 16-19 REF Gender Male -0.618 0.197 9.807 1 0.002 0.539 0.366-0.794 Female REF School type Public school 0.130 0.199 0.426 1 0.514 1.139 0.771-1.681 Private school REF Father education Low 0.670 0.220 9.316 1 0.002 1.955 1.271-3.006 High REF Parents status Married -0.551 0.456 1.460 1 0.227 0.576 0.236-1.409 Divorced -0.284 0.546 0.270 1 0.603 0.753 0.258-2.197 One or both died REF Internet Use 0-2 hours -0.633 0.266 5.661 1 0.017 0.531 0.315-0.894 3-4 hours -0.432 0.196 4.871 1 0.027 0.649 0.442-0.953 >5 hours REF Relation with family Poor 2.215 0.534 17.209 1 0.000 9.163 3.217-26.096 Good 1.244 0.196 40.431 1 0.000 3.469 2.364-5.091 Very good REF Relation with friends Poor 1.291 0.400 10.406 1 0.001 3.637 1.660-7.969 Good 0.423 0.199 4.501 1 0.034 1.527 1.033-2.257 Very good REF Physical activity Yes -0.403 0.181 4.944 1 0.026 0.668 0.468-0.953 No REF Physical abuse Yes 0.716 0.237 9.152 1 0.002 2.047 1.287-3.255 No REF Emotional abuse Yes 0.946 0.200 22.337 1 0.000 2.576 1.740-3.813 No REF
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