Effectiveness of using tranexamic acid in total hip and total knee arthroplasty: Single tertiary center experience

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Figure 1
- Flow diagram of included patients. TXA: tranexamic acid

Table 1

- The frequency distribution of the causes of burns in patients.

Demographic variables	TXA (n=180)	No-TXA (n=205)	P-value
Age (mean±SD)	64.46±8.75	66.04±10.15	0.102^{^*}
Gender
Male	33 (18.3)	71 (34.6)	<0.001^{^†}
Female	147 (81.7)	134 (65.4)
BMI, kg/m2, (mean±SD)	35.51±5.68	33.87±6.49	0.008^{^*}
Diabetes mellitus	96 (53.3)	106 (51.7)	0.507^{^†}
Hypertension	125 (69.4)	131 (63.9)	0.321^{^†}
Dyslipidemia	95 (52.8)	105 (51.2)	0.683^{^†}
TKA
Primary	172 (95.6)	185 (90.2)	0.096^{^†}
Revision	5 (2.8)	6 (2.9)
THA
Primary	3 (1.7)	13 (6.3)
Revision	0 (0.00)	1 (0.5)
Duration of surgery, hours (mean±SD)	2.92±0.77	3.00±1.00	0.328^{^*}
Hospital LOS, days (mean±SD)	10.32±4.67	11.23±5.12	0.069^{^*}

Values are presented as number and percentages (%). TXA: tranexamic acid, SD: standard deviation, BMI: body mass index, TKA: total knee arthroplasty, THA: total hip arthroplasty, LOS: length of stay.
↵* Unpaired student t-test.
↵† Chi-squared.

Table 2

- Postoperative blood loss in study cohorts; TXA and No-TXA.

Demographic variables	TXA (n=180)	No-TXA (n=205)	P-value
Mean±SD
Postoperative Hgb level, g/L
POD-1	111.43±13.21	107.53±13.59	0.004^{^*}
POD-2	100.60±14.91	95.95±12.48	0.001^{^*}
POD-3	96.47±12.55	95.31±12.32	0.413^{^*}
Drop in Hgb level, units
POD-1	13.41±9.51	18.78±17.06	<0.001^{^*}
POD-2	28.15±23.40	30.36±19.16	0.315^{^*}
POD-3	58.92±46.89	27.42±29.89	1.618^{^*}
Postoperative drain output, mL
POD-1	220.52±178.83	261.55±191.64	0.049^{^*}
POD-2	123.32±112.82	186.22±293.95	0.007^{^*}
POD-3	58.11±55.65	72.73±66.09	0.067^{^*}
Total drain output	373.98±246.12	487.11±307.13	<0.001^{^*}
Intra-Op EBL, mL	237.22±121.46	253.17±144.68	0.240^{^*}
Transfused PRBCs, units	0.26±0.77	0.53±0.99	< 0.001^{^*}

TXA: tranexamic acid, SD: standard deviation, Hgb: hemoglobin, POD: postoperative day, intra-Op EBL: intraoperative estimated blood loss, PRBCs: packed red blood cells.
↵* Unpaired student t-test