Skip to main content

Main menu

  • Home
  • Content
    • Latest
    • Archive
    • home
  • Info for
    • Authors
    • Reviewers
    • Subscribers
    • Institutions
    • Advertisers
    • Join SMJ
  • About Us
    • About Us
    • Editorial Office
    • Editorial Board
  • More
    • Advertising
    • Alerts
    • Feedback
    • Folders
    • Help
  • Other Publications
    • NeuroSciences Journal

User menu

  • My alerts
  • Log in

Search

  • Advanced search
Saudi Medical Journal
  • Other Publications
    • NeuroSciences Journal
  • My alerts
  • Log in
Saudi Medical Journal

Advanced Search

  • Home
  • Content
    • Latest
    • Archive
    • home
  • Info for
    • Authors
    • Reviewers
    • Subscribers
    • Institutions
    • Advertisers
    • Join SMJ
  • About Us
    • About Us
    • Editorial Office
    • Editorial Board
  • More
    • Advertising
    • Alerts
    • Feedback
    • Folders
    • Help
  • Follow psmmc on Twitter
  • Visit psmmc on Facebook
  • RSS
Research ArticleOriginal Article
Open Access

Post-amputation pain among lower limb amputees in a tertiary care hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

A retrospective study

Dareen A. AlMehman, Abrar S. Faden, Badr M. Aldahlawi, Mohammed S. Bafail, Maram T. Alkhatieb and Abdullah M. Kaki
Saudi Medical Journal February 2022, 43 (2) 187-196; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2022.43.2.20210609
Dareen A. AlMehman
From the Department of Anesthesia (AlMehman, Aldahlawi), King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital, from the Department of Anesthesia (Faden), from the Department of Surgery (Alkhatieb), King Abdulaziz University Hospital, from the Department of Anesthesia (Bafail), King Abdulaziz Medical City; and from the Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care (Kaki), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
MBBS, SBA
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Abrar S. Faden
From the Department of Anesthesia (AlMehman, Aldahlawi), King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital, from the Department of Anesthesia (Faden), from the Department of Surgery (Alkhatieb), King Abdulaziz University Hospital, from the Department of Anesthesia (Bafail), King Abdulaziz Medical City; and from the Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care (Kaki), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
MBBS
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Badr M. Aldahlawi
From the Department of Anesthesia (AlMehman, Aldahlawi), King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital, from the Department of Anesthesia (Faden), from the Department of Surgery (Alkhatieb), King Abdulaziz University Hospital, from the Department of Anesthesia (Bafail), King Abdulaziz Medical City; and from the Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care (Kaki), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
MBBS
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Mohammed S. Bafail
From the Department of Anesthesia (AlMehman, Aldahlawi), King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital, from the Department of Anesthesia (Faden), from the Department of Surgery (Alkhatieb), King Abdulaziz University Hospital, from the Department of Anesthesia (Bafail), King Abdulaziz Medical City; and from the Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care (Kaki), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
MBBS
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Maram T. Alkhatieb
From the Department of Anesthesia (AlMehman, Aldahlawi), King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital, from the Department of Anesthesia (Faden), from the Department of Surgery (Alkhatieb), King Abdulaziz University Hospital, from the Department of Anesthesia (Bafail), King Abdulaziz Medical City; and from the Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care (Kaki), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
MBBS, SBA
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Abdullah M. Kaki
From the Department of Anesthesia (AlMehman, Aldahlawi), King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital, from the Department of Anesthesia (Faden), from the Department of Surgery (Alkhatieb), King Abdulaziz University Hospital, from the Department of Anesthesia (Bafail), King Abdulaziz Medical City; and from the Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care (Kaki), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
MBChB, FRCPC
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: [email protected]
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • eLetters
  • Info & Metrics
  • References
  • PDF
Loading

References

  1. 1.↵
    1. Hsu E ,
    2. Cohen SP.
    Postamputation pain: epidemiology, mechanisms, and treatment. J Pain Res 2013; 6: 121–136.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  2. 2.↵
    1. Grzebień A ,
    2. Chabowski M ,
    3. Malinowski M ,
    4. Uchmanowicz I ,
    5. Milan M ,
    6. Janczak D.
    Analysis of selected factors determining quality of life in patients after lower limb amputation- a review article. Pol Przegl Chir 2017; 89: 57–61.
    OpenUrl
  3. 3.↵
    1. Stern JR ,
    2. Wong CK ,
    3. Yerovinkina M ,
    4. Spindler SJ ,
    5. See AS ,
    6. Panjaki S , et al.
    A meta-analysis of long-term mortality and associated risk factors following lower extremity amputation. Ann Vasc Surg 2017; 42: 322–327.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  4. 4.↵
    1. Benzon H ,
    2. Raja SN ,
    3. Fishman S ,
    4. Liu S ,
    5. Cohen SP.
    Essentials of Pain Medicine 4th edition, In: Postamputation Pain. ELSEVIER; 2018. p 249.
  5. 5.↵
    1. Dillingham TR ,
    2. Pezzin LE ,
    3. MacKenzie EJ.
    Limb amputation and limb deficiency: epidemiology and recent trends in the United States. South Med J 2002; 95: 875–883.
    OpenUrlPubMedWeb of Science
  6. 6.↵
    1. Alotaibi A ,
    2. Perry L ,
    3. Gholizadeh L ,
    4. Al-Ganmi A.
    Incidence and prevalence rates of diabetes mellitus in Saudi Arabia: an overview. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2017; 7: 211–218.
    OpenUrl
  7. 7.↵
    1. Ephraim PL ,
    2. Wegener ST ,
    3. MacKenzie EJ ,
    4. Dillingham TR ,
    5. Pezzin LE.
    Phantom pain, residual limb pain, and back pain in amputees: results of a national survey. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2005; 86: 1910–1919.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  8. 8.↵
    1. Wartan SW ,
    2. Hamann W ,
    3. Wedley JR ,
    4. McColl I.
    Phantom pain and sensation among British veteran amputees. Br J Anaesth 1997; 78: 652–659.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  9. 9.↵
    1. Smith DG ,
    2. Ehde DM ,
    3. Legro MW ,
    4. Reiber GE ,
    5. del Aguila M ,
    6. Boone DA.
    Phantom limb, residual limb, and back pain after lower extremity amputations. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1999: 29–38.
  10. 10.
    1. Ehde DM ,
    2. Czerniecki JM ,
    3. Smith DG ,
    4. Campbell KM ,
    5. Edwards WT ,
    6. Jensen MP , et al.
    Chronic phantom sensations, phantom pain, residual limb pain, and other regional pain after lower limb amputation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2000; 81: 1039–1044.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  11. 11.↵
    1. Gallagher P ,
    2. Allen D ,
    3. Maclachlan M.
    Phantom limb pain and residual limb pain following lower limb amputation: a descriptive analysis. Disabil Rehabil 2001; 23: 522–530.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  12. 12.↵
    1. Husum H ,
    2. Resell K ,
    3. Vorren G ,
    4. Heng YV ,
    5. Murad M ,
    6. Gilbert M , et al.
    Chronic pain in land mine accident survivors in Cambodia and Kurdistan. Soc Sci Med 2002; 55: 1813–1816.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  13. 13.
    1. Ong BY ,
    2. Arneja A ,
    3. Ong EW.
    E ects of anesthesia on pain after lower-limb amputation. J Clin Anesth 2006; 18: 600–604.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  14. 14.↵
    1. Hanley MA ,
    2. Jensen MP ,
    3. Smith DG ,
    4. Ehde DM ,
    5. Edwards WT ,
    6. Robinson LR.
    Preamputation pain and acute pain predict chronic pain after lower extremity amputation. J Pain 2007; 8: 102–109.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  15. 15.
    1. Richardson C ,
    2. Glenn S ,
    3. Nurmikko T ,
    4. Horgan M.
    Incidence of phantom phenomena including phantom limb pain 6 months after major lower limb amputation in patients with peripheral vascular disease. Clin J Pain 2006; 22: 353–358.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  16. 16.↵
    1. Probstner D ,
    2. uler LC ,
    3. Ishikawa NM ,
    4. Alvarenga RM
    . Phantom limb phenomena in cancer amputees. Pain Pract 2010; 10: 249–256.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  17. 17.↵
    1. Subedi B ,
    2. Grossberg GT.
    Phantom limb pain: mechanisms and treatment approaches. Pain Res Treat 2011; 2011: 864605.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  18. 18.↵
    1. Kooijman CM ,
    2. Dijkstra PU ,
    3. Geertzen JHB ,
    4. Elzinga A ,
    5. van der Schans CP.
    Phantom pain and phantom sensations in upper limb amputees: an epidemiological study. Pain 2000; 87: 33–41.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  19. 19.↵
    1. Bouhassira D ,
    2. Attal N ,
    3. Alchaar H ,
    4. Boureau F ,
    5. Brochet B ,
    6. Bruxelle J , et al.
    Comparison of pain syndromes associated with nervous or somatic lesions and development of a new neuropathic pain diagnostic questionnaire (DN4). Pain 2005; 114: 29–36.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  20. 20.↵
    1. Al-Wahbi AM.
    Impact of a diabetic foot care education program on lower limb amputation rate. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2010; 6: 923–934.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  21. 21.↵
    1. Krans-Schreuder HK ,
    2. Bodde MI ,
    3. Schrier E ,
    4. Dijkstra PU ,
    5. van den Dungen JA ,
    6. den Dunnen WF , et al.
    Amputation for long-standing, therapy-resistant type-I complex regional pain syndrome. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2012; 94: 2263–2268.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  22. 22.↵
    1. Davie-Smith F ,
    2. Coulter E ,
    3. Kennon B ,
    4. Wyke S ,
    5. Paul L.
    Factors influencing quality of life following lower limb amputation for peripheral arterial occlusive disease: a systematic review of the literature. Prosthet Orthot Int 2017; 41: 537–547.
    OpenUrl
  23. 23.↵
    1. Sin EI ,
    2. Thong SY ,
    3. Poon KH.
    Incidence of phantom limb phenomena after lower limb amputations in a Singapore tertiary hospital. Singapore Med J 2013; 54: 75–81.
    OpenUrlPubMedWeb of Science
  24. 24.↵
    1. Reiber GE.
    The epidemiology of diabetic foot problems. Diabet Med 1996; 13: S6–S11.
    OpenUrlPubMedWeb of Science
  25. 25.
    1. Qari FA ,
    2. Akbar D.
    Diabetic foot: presentation and treatment. Saudi Med J 2000; 21: 443–446.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  26. 26.↵
    1. Liu M ,
    2. Zhang W ,
    3. Yan Z ,
    4. Yuan X.
    Smoking increases the risk of diabetic foot amputation: a meta-analysis. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15: 1680–1685.
    OpenUrl
  27. 27.↵
    1. Al-Nozha MM ,
    2. Al-Maatouq MA ,
    3. Al-Mazrou YY ,
    4. Al-Harthi SS ,
    5. Arafah MR ,
    6. Khalil MZ , et al.
    Diabetes mellitus in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J 2004; 25: 1603–1610.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  28. 28.↵
    1. Finch DR ,
    2. Macdougal M ,
    3. Tibbs DJ ,
    4. Morris PJ.
    Amputation for vascular disease: the experience of a peripheral vascular unit. Br J Surg 1980; 67: 233–237.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  29. 29.↵
    1. Hussain MA ,
    2. Al-Omran M ,
    3. Salata K ,
    4. Sivaswamy A ,
    5. Forbes TL ,
    6. Sattar N , et al.
    Population-based secular trends in lower- extremity amputation for diabetes and peripheral artery disease. CMAJ 2019; 191: E955–E961.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  30. 30.↵
    1. Nikolajsen L ,
    2. Jensen TS.
    Phantom limb pain. Br J Anaesth 2001; 87: 107–116.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  31. 31.
    1. Flor H ,
    2. Nikolajsen L ,
    3. Staehelin Jensen T.
    Phantom limb pain: a case of maladaptive CNS plasticity? Nat Rev Neurosci 2006; 7: 873–881.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  32. 32.
    1. Nikolajsen L ,
    2. Ilkjaer S ,
    3. Krøner K ,
    4. Christensen JH ,
    5. Jensen TS.
    Thee in uence of preamputation pain on postamputation stump and phantom pain. Pain 1997; 72: 393–405.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  33. 33.↵
    1. Perkins FM ,
    2. Kehlet H.
    Chronic pain as an outcome of surgery. A review of predictive factors. Anesthesiology 2000; 93: 1123–1133.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  34. 34.↵
    1. Yin Y ,
    2. Zhang L ,
    3. Xiao H ,
    4. Wen CB ,
    5. Dai YE ,
    6. Yang G , et al.
    e pre-amputation pain and the postoperative dea erentation are the risk factors of phantom limb pain: a clinical survey in a sample of Chinese population. BMC Anesthesiol 2017; 17: 69.
    OpenUrl
  35. 35.
    1. Dijkstra PU ,
    2. Geertzen JH ,
    3. Stewart R ,
    4. van der Schans CP.
    Phantom pain and risk factors: a multivariate analysis. J Pain Symptom Manage 2002; 24: 578–585.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  36. 36.
    1. Weiser TG ,
    2. Regenbogen SE ,
    3. ompson KD ,
    4. Haynes AB ,
    5. Lipsitz SR ,
    6. Berry WR , et al.
    An estimation of the global volume of surgery: a modelling strategy based on available data. Lancet 2008; 372: 139–144.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  37. 37.
    1. Manchikanti L ,
    2. Singh V.
    Managing phantom pain. Pain Physician 2004; 7: 365–375.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  38. 38.↵
    1. Kelle B ,
    2. Kozanoğlu E ,
    3. Biçer ÖS ,
    4. Tan İ.
    Association between phantom limb complex and the level of amputation in lower limb amputee. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2017; 51: 142–145.
    OpenUrl
  39. 39.↵
    1. Stone PA ,
    2. Flaherty SK ,
    3. Aburahma AF ,
    4. Hass SM ,
    5. Jackson JM ,
    6. Hayes JD , et al.
    Factors a ecting perioperative mortality and wound-related complications following major lower extremity amputations. Ann Vasc Surg 2006; 20: 209–216.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  40. 40.↵
    1. Woolf CJ.
    Pain: moving from symptom control toward mechanism-specific pharmacologic management. Ann Intern Med 2004; 140: 441–451.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
PreviousNext
Back to top

In this issue

Saudi Medical Journal: 43 (2)
Saudi Medical Journal
Vol. 43, Issue 2
1 Feb 2022
  • Table of Contents
  • Cover (PDF)
  • Index by author
Print
Download PDF
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on Saudi Medical Journal.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Post-amputation pain among lower limb amputees in a tertiary care hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
(Your Name) has sent you a message from Saudi Medical Journal
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the Saudi Medical Journal web site.
Citation Tools
Post-amputation pain among lower limb amputees in a tertiary care hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Dareen A. AlMehman, Abrar S. Faden, Badr M. Aldahlawi, Mohammed S. Bafail, Maram T. Alkhatieb, Abdullah M. Kaki
Saudi Medical Journal Feb 2022, 43 (2) 187-196; DOI: 10.15537/smj.2022.43.2.20210609

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Share
Post-amputation pain among lower limb amputees in a tertiary care hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Dareen A. AlMehman, Abrar S. Faden, Badr M. Aldahlawi, Mohammed S. Bafail, Maram T. Alkhatieb, Abdullah M. Kaki
Saudi Medical Journal Feb 2022, 43 (2) 187-196; DOI: 10.15537/smj.2022.43.2.20210609
Twitter logo Facebook logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One
Bookmark this article

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Methods
    • Results
    • Discussion
    • Acknowledgment
    • Footnotes
    • References
  • Figures & Data
  • eLetters
  • References
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF

Related Articles

  • No related articles found.
  • PubMed
  • Google Scholar

Cited By...

  • No citing articles found.
  • Google Scholar

More in this TOC Section

  • The risk factors for cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Saudi Arabia
  • Prolonged flight exposure and its effects on sinonasal health among aircrew members
  • Identifying individuals at risk of post-stroke depression
Show more Original Article

Similar Articles

Keywords

  • lower-limb amputation
  • post-amputation pain
  • phantom pain
  • stump pain
  • residual limb pain
  • persistent postoperative neuropathic pain

CONTENT

  • home

JOURNAL

  • home

AUTHORS

  • home
Saudi Medical Journal

© 2025 Saudi Medical Journal Saudi Medical Journal is copyright under the Berne Convention and the International Copyright Convention.  Saudi Medical Journal is an Open Access journal and articles published are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (CC BY-NC). Readers may copy, distribute, and display the work for non-commercial purposes with the proper citation of the original work. Electronic ISSN 1658-3175. Print ISSN 0379-5284.

Powered by HighWire