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Research ArticleOriginal Article
Open Access

Trends in COVID-19

Incidence, mortality, and case fatality in Iraq

Nagham A. Mawlood and Riyadh K. Lafta
Saudi Medical Journal May 2022, 43 (5) 500-507; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2022.43.5.20220088
Nagham A. Mawlood
From the Ministry of Health (Mawlood), from the Family and Community Medicine Department (Lafta), College of Medicine, Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq, and from the Global Health Department (Lafta), University of Washington, Seattle, United States of America.
MD, PhD
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  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Riyadh K. Lafta
From the Ministry of Health (Mawlood), from the Family and Community Medicine Department (Lafta), College of Medicine, Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq, and from the Global Health Department (Lafta), University of Washington, Seattle, United States of America.
MD, PhD
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  • Figure 1
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    Figure 1

    - Coronavirus disease-19 cases in Iraq (March 2020- July 2021).

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    Figure 2

    - Coronavirus disease-19 incidence and mortality (MR) rates in Iraq (March 2020-July 2021).

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    Figure 3

    - Coronavirus disease-19 cases and deaths by month in Iraq (March 2020- July2021).

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    Figure 4

    - Distribution of coronavirus disease-19 cases in Iraq by age and gender.

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    Figure 5

    - Distribution of coronavirus disease -19 deaths in Iraq by age and gender.

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    Table 1

    - Main challenges and obstacles faced by the Iraqi health system during the pandemic.

    ObstaclesReasons
    Sudden flare up in number of patients beyond hospitals capacityPoor adherence to health instructions and delayed closure of borders with neighboring countries
    Rapid turnover of decision makers inInexperience, panic, overwork, pressure from other governmental unprofessional parties
    Discredit the role of epidemiologists in controlling the pandemic
    Uncertainty in decision making
    Miss management due to lack of knowledge about the virusLack scientific approach in the treatment (no randomized trials)
    Depending on passive rather than active surveillanceOverload on HCWs and burden on health system
    Lack of periodic medical examination for frontline HCWsPoor planning and deficient experience
    Weak implementation of vaccination campaigns especially house to housePoor planning and limited amounts of vaccine
    Poor public cooperationPanic, listening to rumors and negative effect of some religious and community leaders
    Challenges
    Shortage of HCWsMigration of doctors due to the unfavorable security condition
    Deficient supply of medicinesDomination of certain companies over the governmental supply
    Problems in maintaining PPELack of national budget
    Limited bed capacityold buildings of hospitals with no extension/renovation
    Insufficient oxygen supplyDepending on oxygen cylinders
    Inadequate training of HCWsLack of continuing medical education
    Insufficient amount of PCRRestricted to the Central Laboratory of Ministry of Health
    Delayed supply of vaccinationLogistic problems

    HCWs: healhtcare workers, PPE: personal protective equipment, PCR: polymerase chain reaction

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    Saudi Medical Journal: 43 (5)
    Saudi Medical Journal
    Vol. 43, Issue 5
    1 May 2022
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    Trends in COVID-19
    Nagham A. Mawlood, Riyadh K. Lafta
    Saudi Medical Journal May 2022, 43 (5) 500-507; DOI: 10.15537/smj.2022.43.5.20220088

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    Trends in COVID-19
    Nagham A. Mawlood, Riyadh K. Lafta
    Saudi Medical Journal May 2022, 43 (5) 500-507; DOI: 10.15537/smj.2022.43.5.20220088
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    Keywords

    • COVID-19
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