Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1
- The fracture risk assessment (FRAX) score for major osteoporotic fracture in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) women versus non-diabetes with and without rheumatoid arthritis (RA) adjustment. MOF: major osteoporotic fracture, non-DM: non-diabetes
- Figure 2
- The fracture risk assessment (FRAX) for hip fracture (HF) in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) women versus non-diabetes with and without rheumatoid arthritis (RA) adjustment. non-DM: non-diabetes
Tables
- Table 1
- Demographic data and the baseline characteristics of 465 women aged ≥40 years (40-83); and the differences between type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-diabetics groups.
Variables All (N=465) Non-DM (n=251) T2DM (n=214) P-value Age (years) 59.4±7.9 59.3±7.9 59.6±8 0.723 40-49 years 46 (9.9) 26 (10.4) 20 (9.3) 50-59 years 204 (43.9) 115 (45.8) 89 (41.6) 60-69 years 149 (32.0) 77 (30.7) 72 (33.6) 70 years and above 66 (14.2) 33 (13.1) 33 (15.4) Postmenopausal 361 (77.6) 193 (76.9) 168 (78.5) 0.738 Height (cm) 154.0±6.9 154.4±5.7 153.5±8 0.167 Weight (Kg) 75.3±16.3 75.4±15.5 75.1±17.1 0.860 BMI (kg/cm2) 31.5±6.3 31.5±6.1 31.4±6.5 0.976 On calcium supplements 244 (52.5) 132 (52.6) 112 (52.3) 1.000 On Vitamin D supplements 286 (61.5) 153 (61) 133 (62.1) 0.848 Data are presented as numbers and precentage (%), mean ± standard deviation (SD). DM: diabetes mellitus, T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus, BMI: body mass index
- Table 2
- Measured values of the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan and the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in 465 women aged ≥40 years and the differences between the type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-diabetics groups.
Variables All (N=465) Non-DM (n=251) T2DM (n=214) P-value R FN BMD (g/cm2) 0.7±0.1 0.7±0.1 0.7±0.1 0.100 R FN T score -1±1.1 -0.9±1.2 -1.1±1.1 0.096 R FN Z score 0.2±1.0 0.2±1 0.12±1 0.252 L FN BMD (g/cm2) 0.7±0.1 0.7±0.1 0.7±0.1 0.193 L FN T score -1±1.2 -0.9±1.3 -1.1±1.1 0.187 L FN Z score 0.1±1.2 0.2±1.2 0.07±1.3 0.188 Lumbar spine BMD (g/cm2) 0.8±0.1 0.8±0.1 0.8±0.1 0.664 Lumbar spine T score -1.8±1.2 -1.8±1.3 -1.8±1.2 0.592 Lumbar spine Z score -0.4±1.2 -0.4±1.2 -0.4±1.2 0.660 Osteopenia, n(%) 233 (50.1) 133 (53) 100 (46.7) 0.193 Osteoporosis, n (%) 158 (34.0) 78 (31.1) 80 (37.4) 0.169 Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). DM: diabetes mellitus, T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus, R: right, L: left, FN: femur neck, BMD: bone mineral density
- Table 3
- Prevalence of fracture risk factors of 465 women aged ≥40 years and the differences between the type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-diabetics groups.
Variables All (N=465) Non-DM (n=251) T2DM (n=214) P-value Secondary osteoporosis 22 (4.0) 10 (4.0) 12 (5.6) 0.512 On glucocorticoids 44 (9.5) 25 (10) 19 (8.9) 0.752 Malabsorption 12 (2.6) 4 (1.6) 8 (3.7) 0.240 Cushing syndrome 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) NA Hyperparathyroidism 3 (0.6) 3 (1.2) 0 (0.0) 0.253 Thyrotoxicosis 7 (1.5) 3 (1.2) 4 (1.9) 0.708 Liver failure 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) NA Current smoking 7 (1.5) 6 (2.4) 1 (0.5) 0.130 Parent fractured hip 27 (5.8) 12 (4.8) 15 (7) 0.326 On osteoporosis medications 90 (19.4) 48 (19.1) 42 (19.6) 0.907 Data are presented as numbers and precentage (%). DM: diabetes mellitus, T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus, NA: not applicable
- Table 4
- The rate of prior fragility fracture and associated risks of 465 women aged ≥40 years and the differences between the T2DM and non-diabetics groups.
Variables All (N=465) Non-DM (n=251) T2DM (n=214) P-value Low trauma fracture 61 (13.1) 32 (12.7) 29 (13.6) 0.891 Hip fracture 26 (5.6) 12 (4.7) 14 (6.5) 0.445 Spine fracture 8 (1.7) 6 (2.4) 2 (0.9) 0.260 Arm fracture 29 (6.2) 14 (5.6) 15 (7.0) 0.612 Tendency to fall 252 (54.2) 132 (52.6) 120 (56.1) 0.457 Balance problem 32 (12.7) 13 (9.8) 19 (15.8) 0.186 Limping or difficulty walking 64 (25.4) 40 (30.3) 24 (20) 0.082 Weak legs 84 (33.3) 46 (34.8) 38 (31.7) 0.688 Feeling dizzy 69 (27.4) 34 (25.8) 35 (29.2) 0.574 Feeling tired and fatigue 89 (35.3) 44 (33.3) 45 (37.5) 0.512 Data are presented as numbers and precentage (%). DM: diabetes mellitus, T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus
