Universal in-house neonatal hips ultrasonography screening in the United Arab Emirates

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Figure 1
- Instructional leaflet indicating proper and improper legs wrapping techniques.
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Figure 2
- Age distribution of the neonates on the day of examination.
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Figure 3
- Demographic distribution. GCC: Gulf Cooperation Council

Table 1

- Incidence of different types of hip maturity in the whole cohort and according to the gender and origin.

Variables	Mature group	DDH group	Immature group
Cohort	316 (89.3)	6 (1.7)	32 (9.0)
Female gender	149 (85.1)	5 (2.9)^*	21 (12.0)^§,‡
Male gender	167 (93.3)	1 (0.6)^*	11 (6.1)^§
GCC	149 (87.6)	5 (2.9)^**	16 (9.5)
Non-GCC	167 (90.9)	1 (0.5)^**	16 (8.6)
GCC female	62 (78.5)	5 (6.3)^†	12 (15.2)^‡
Non-GCC female	86 (90.6)	0 (0.0)^†	9 (9.3)

Values are presented as numbers and precentages (%).

DDH: developmental dysplasia of the hip, GCC: Gulf Cooperation Council

Table 2

- Developmental dysplasia of the hip group.

Nationality	Side	Risk factors	Clinical findings	Other deformities	Graf type
UAE	R	Nil	Normal	Nil	IIc
Morocco	R	Nil	Normal	Nil	IIc
UAE	L	Nil	Normal	Nil	D
UAE	R	Nil	Limited abd. bil.	Nil	D
KSA	L	Nil	Barlow and Ortolani	Nil	III
UAE	L	Primiparity and breech	Normal	Nil	III

UAE: United Arab Emarites, KSA: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, R: right, L: left, Nil: none, abd. bil.: abduction bilateral

Table 3

- Incidence of risk factors considering hip maturity, female gender, and origin.

Risk factors	Female	Family hx.	Breech	Primiparity	AHF
Cohort	175 (49.4)	10 (2.8)	25 (7.1)	71 (20.9)	13 (3.6)
Mature hips	149 (47.1)^*†	5 (1.6)^‡§	23 (7.3)^**	63 (19.9)^††§§	5 (1.6)^§§
DDH group	5 (83.3)^*	0 (0.0)	1 (16.6)	1 (16.6)	2 (33.3)^§§***
DDH girls	-	0 (0.0)	1 (20.0)	1 (20.0)	2 (40.0)
DDH GCC girls	-	0 (0.0)	1 (25.0)^**	1 (25.0)	2 (50.0)
DDH non-GCC girls	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
Immature group	21 (65.6)^†	5 (15.6)^§	1 (3.1)	10 (31.2)	6 (18.7)^§§***
Immature girls	-	2 (9.5)	1 (4.8)	7 (33.3)^††	3 (14.3)
Immature GCC girls	-	3 (16.7)^‡§	0 (0.0)	3 (16.7)	3 (16.7)
Immature non-GCC girls	-	0 (0.0)^§	1 (11.1)	5 (55.5)^§§	1 (11.1)