The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on antibiotic usage during pregnancy

Article Figures & Data

Table 1

- Differences in patients’ characteristics before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Parameters	Pre COVID n=80 (%)	Post COVID n=193 (%)	P-value
Maternal age	29.2±5.9	28.6±5.4	0.22
BMI	30.9±6.2	31.2 ±5.4	0.72
Gravida	3.5 ±2.3	3.6 ±2.1	0.65
Parity	2.2±2	2.1 ±1.7	0.62
Miscarriage	0.4 ±0.7	0.6 ±0.8	0.01
DM	37 (13.2)	27 (13.9)	0.81
PIH	7 (2.5)	3 (1.6)	0.54

BMI: body mass index kg/m², DM: diabetes mellitus, PIH: pregnancy induced hypertension

Table 2

- Differences in labor characteristics before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Parameters	Pre COVID n=280 (%)	Post COVID n=193 (%)	P-value
PROM (%)	2 (0.7)	5 (2.6)	0.13
Preterm labor (%)	11(3.9	24 (12.4)	0.0005
Congenital anomalies (%)	1 (0.4)	2 (1.04)	0.57
CS (%)	72 (25.7)	28 (14.5)	0.004
Gender (%)
Female	136 (48.6)	89 (46.1)	0.59
Male	144 (51.4)	104 (53.9)	0.59
Poor Apgar score (%)	6 (2.1)	2 (1.04)	0.48
Birth weight (kg)	3.2±0.5	3.2±0.6	0.97

Table 3

- The effect of Covid 19 on antibiotic usage during pregnancy and labor.

Parameters	Pre Covid n= 280 (%)	Post Covid n= 193 (%)	P-value
Antenatal admission	23 (8.2)	35 (18.1)	0.001
Antenatal admission with infection	10 (3.6)	10 (5.2)	0.39
Length of hospital stay	0.13 ±0.7	0.25 ±1.4	0.27
Use of antibiotics during pregnancy	14 (5)	54 (27.9)	<0.0001
Use of antibiotics per trimester
1^st	2 (0.7)	8 (4.2)	0.02
2^nd	3 (1.1)	14 (7.3)	0.001
3^rd	9 (3.2)	33 (17.1)	<0.0001
Duration of usage	0.3 ±1.3	1.4 ±2.7	<0.0001
Indications
BV	2 (0.7)	20 (10.4)	<0.0001
BV/UTI	0 (0)	3 (1.6)	0.07
URTI	2 (0.7)	0 (0)	0.35
UTI	10 (3.6)	31 (16.1)	<0.0001