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Research ArticleOriginal Article
Open Access

Cross-cultural modification of the University of Pennsylvania smell identification test for the Saudi Arabian population

Validation and normative values

Saad Alsaleh, Ahmed Alhussien, Nawaf Alsubaie, Ziyad Alajlan, Sakhar Albader, Ibrahim Alarifi, Hussain Albaharna and Ibrahim Sumaily
Saudi Medical Journal January 2024, 45 (1) 79-85; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2024.45.1.20230422
Saad Alsaleh
From the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Alsaleh, Alhussien, Alsubaie); from the Department of Internal Medicine (Albader), College of Medicine, King Saud University, from the Department of Medical Imaging (Alajlan), King Abdullah bin Abdulziz University Hospital, from the Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Unit (Alarifi), Surgery Department, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, from the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Albaharna), Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif, and from the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Sumaily), King Fahd Central Hospital, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
MBBS, FRCSC
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  • ORCID record for Saad Alsaleh
  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Ahmed Alhussien
From the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Alsaleh, Alhussien, Alsubaie); from the Department of Internal Medicine (Albader), College of Medicine, King Saud University, from the Department of Medical Imaging (Alajlan), King Abdullah bin Abdulziz University Hospital, from the Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Unit (Alarifi), Surgery Department, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, from the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Albaharna), Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif, and from the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Sumaily), King Fahd Central Hospital, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
MBBS
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Nawaf Alsubaie
From the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Alsaleh, Alhussien, Alsubaie); from the Department of Internal Medicine (Albader), College of Medicine, King Saud University, from the Department of Medical Imaging (Alajlan), King Abdullah bin Abdulziz University Hospital, from the Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Unit (Alarifi), Surgery Department, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, from the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Albaharna), Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif, and from the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Sumaily), King Fahd Central Hospital, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
MBBS
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Ziyad Alajlan
From the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Alsaleh, Alhussien, Alsubaie); from the Department of Internal Medicine (Albader), College of Medicine, King Saud University, from the Department of Medical Imaging (Alajlan), King Abdullah bin Abdulziz University Hospital, from the Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Unit (Alarifi), Surgery Department, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, from the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Albaharna), Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif, and from the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Sumaily), King Fahd Central Hospital, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
MBBS
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Sakhar Albader
From the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Alsaleh, Alhussien, Alsubaie); from the Department of Internal Medicine (Albader), College of Medicine, King Saud University, from the Department of Medical Imaging (Alajlan), King Abdullah bin Abdulziz University Hospital, from the Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Unit (Alarifi), Surgery Department, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, from the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Albaharna), Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif, and from the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Sumaily), King Fahd Central Hospital, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
MBBS
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Ibrahim Alarifi
From the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Alsaleh, Alhussien, Alsubaie); from the Department of Internal Medicine (Albader), College of Medicine, King Saud University, from the Department of Medical Imaging (Alajlan), King Abdullah bin Abdulziz University Hospital, from the Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Unit (Alarifi), Surgery Department, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, from the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Albaharna), Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif, and from the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Sumaily), King Fahd Central Hospital, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
MBBS
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Hussain Albaharna
From the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Alsaleh, Alhussien, Alsubaie); from the Department of Internal Medicine (Albader), College of Medicine, King Saud University, from the Department of Medical Imaging (Alajlan), King Abdullah bin Abdulziz University Hospital, from the Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Unit (Alarifi), Surgery Department, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, from the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Albaharna), Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif, and from the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Sumaily), King Fahd Central Hospital, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
MBBS
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Ibrahim Sumaily
From the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Alsaleh, Alhussien, Alsubaie); from the Department of Internal Medicine (Albader), College of Medicine, King Saud University, from the Department of Medical Imaging (Alajlan), King Abdullah bin Abdulziz University Hospital, from the Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Unit (Alarifi), Surgery Department, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, from the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Albaharna), Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif, and from the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Sumaily), King Fahd Central Hospital, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
MBBS, KSUF
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Article Information

vol. 45 no. 1 79-85
DOI 
https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2024.45.1.20230422
PubMed 
38220245

Published By 
Saudi Medical Journal
Online ISSN 
1658-3175
History 
  • Received June 4, 2023
  • Accepted November 29, 2023
  • Published online January 13, 2024.

Copyright & Usage 
Copyright: © Saudi Medical Journal This is an Open Access journal and articles published are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (CC BY-NC). Readers may copy, distribute, and display the work for non-commercial purposes with the proper citation of the original work.

Author Information

  1. Saad Alsaleh, MBBS, FRCSC⇑,
  2. Ahmed Alhussien, MBBS,
  3. Nawaf Alsubaie, MBBS,
  4. Ziyad Alajlan, MBBS,
  5. Sakhar Albader, MBBS,
  6. Ibrahim Alarifi, MBBS,
  7. Hussain Albaharna, MBBS and
  8. Ibrahim Sumaily, MBBS, KSUF
  1. From the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Alsaleh, Alhussien, Alsubaie); from the Department of Internal Medicine (Albader), College of Medicine, King Saud University, from the Department of Medical Imaging (Alajlan), King Abdullah bin Abdulziz University Hospital, from the Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Unit (Alarifi), Surgery Department, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, from the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Albaharna), Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif, and from the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (Sumaily), King Fahd Central Hospital, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
  1. Address correspondence and reprint request to: Dr. Saad Alsaleh, Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail: alssaad{at}ksu.edu.sa
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Cross-cultural modification of the University of Pennsylvania smell identification test for the Saudi Arabian population
Saad Alsaleh, Ahmed Alhussien, Nawaf Alsubaie, Ziyad Alajlan, Sakhar Albader, Ibrahim Alarifi, Hussain Albaharna, Ibrahim Sumaily
Saudi Medical Journal Jan 2024, 45 (1) 79-85; DOI: 10.15537/smj.2024.45.1.20230422

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Cross-cultural modification of the University of Pennsylvania smell identification test for the Saudi Arabian population
Saad Alsaleh, Ahmed Alhussien, Nawaf Alsubaie, Ziyad Alajlan, Sakhar Albader, Ibrahim Alarifi, Hussain Albaharna, Ibrahim Sumaily
Saudi Medical Journal Jan 2024, 45 (1) 79-85; DOI: 10.15537/smj.2024.45.1.20230422
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Keywords

  • olfaction disorders
  • sinusitis
  • paranasal sinuses
  • smell
  • Saudi Arabia
  • Arabs
  • anosmia
  • olfactory training

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© 2025 Saudi Medical Journal Saudi Medical Journal is copyright under the Berne Convention and the International Copyright Convention.  Saudi Medical Journal is an Open Access journal and articles published are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (CC BY-NC). Readers may copy, distribute, and display the work for non-commercial purposes with the proper citation of the original work. Electronic ISSN 1658-3175. Print ISSN 0379-5284.

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