Research ArticleOriginal Article
Open Access

The value and significance of nucleolar organizer region proteins as markers of malignancy in breast cancer patients

Magdi M. Salih, Dooaa A. Abdulgafor, Haytham A. Dahlawi and Eman H. Khalifa
Saudi Medical Journal October 2024, 45 (10) 1028-1033; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2024.45.10.20240483

References

  1. 1.↵
    1. Coughlin SS
    . Epidemiology of breast cancer in women. Adv Exp Med Biol 2019; 1152: 9-29.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  2. 2.↵
    1. Abu-Helalah M,
    2. Mustafa H,
    3. Alshraideh H,
    4. Alsuhail AI,
    5. A Almousily O,
    6. Al-Abdallah R
    , et al. Quality of life and psychological wellbeing of breast cancer survivors in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2022; 23: 2291-2297.
    OpenUrl
  3. 3.↵
    1. Kamińska M,
    2. Ciszewski T,
    3. Łopacka-Szatan K,
    4. Miotła P,
    5. Starosławska E
    . Breast cancer risk factors. Prz Menopauzalny 2015; 14: 196-202.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  4. 4.↵
    1. Zhang YN,
    2. Xia KR,
    3. Li CY,
    4. Wei BL,
    5. Zhang B
    . Review of breast cancer pathologigcal image processing. Biomed Res Int 2021; 2021: 1994764.
    OpenUrl
  5. 5.↵
    1. Brown IN,
    2. Lafita-Navarro MC,
    3. Conacci-Sorrell M
    . Regulation of nucleolar activity by MYC. Cells 2022; 11: 574.
    OpenUrl
  6. 6.↵
    1. Han LM,
    2. VandenBussche CJ,
    3. Abildtrup M,
    4. Chandra A,
    5. Vohra P
    . A review of effusion cytomorphology of small round cell tumors. Acta Cytol 2022; 66: 336-346.
    OpenUrl
  7. 7.↵
    1. Hao Q,
    2. Prasanth KV
    . Regulatory roles of nucleolus organizer region-derived long non-coding RNAs. Mamm Genome 2022; 33: 402-411.
    OpenUrl
  8. 8.↵
    1. Ploton D,
    2. Menager M,
    3. Jeannesson P,
    4. Himber G,
    5. Pigeon F,
    6. Adnet JJ
    . Improvement in the staining and in the visualization of the argyrophilic proteins of the nucleolar organizer region at the optical level. Histochem J 1986; 18: 5-14.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  9. 9.↵
    1. Holmström O,
    2. Linder N,
    3. Moilanen H,
    4. Suutala A,
    5. Nordling S,
    6. Ståhls A, et al.
    Detection of breast cancer lymph node metastases in frozen sections with a point-of-care low-cost microscope scanner. PLoS One 2019; 14: e0208366.
    OpenUrl
  10. 10.↵
    1. Loddo M,
    2. Kingsbury SR,
    3. Rashid M,
    4. Proctor I,
    5. Holt C,
    6. Young J, et al.
    Cell-cycle-phase progression analysis identifies unique phenotypes of major prognostic and predictive significance in breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2009; 100: 959-970.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  11. 11.
    1. Cai G,
    2. Guan Z,
    3. Jin Y,
    4. Su Z,
    5. Chen X,
    6. Liu Q, et al.
    Circulating T-cell repertoires correlate with the tumor response in patients with breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. JCO Precis Oncol 2022; 6: e2100120.
    OpenUrl
  12. 12.↵
    1. Magbanua MJM,
    2. Hendrix LH,
    3. Hyslop T,
    4. Barry WT,
    5. Winer EP,
    6. Hudis C, et al.
    Serial analysis of circulating tumor cells in metastatic breast cancer receiving first-line chemotherapy. J Natl Cancer Inst 2021; 113: 443-452.
    OpenUrl
  13. 13.↵
    1. Borgiani L,
    2. Cogorno P,
    3. Buccaran G,
    4. Gallo L,
    5. Rovida S,
    6. Canepa M
    . Human breast cancer: prognostic significance of DNA ploidy compared with c-erbB2 expression, Cathepsin D and silver-binding nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs). Pathologica 1994; 86: 350-355.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  14. 14.↵
    1. Krüger S,
    2. Stahlhut M,
    3. Müller H
    . Cell cycle-dependent AgNOR analysis in invasive breast cancer. Anal Quant Cytol Histol 2000; 22: 358-363.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  15. 15.↵
    1. Zhao X,
    2. Xie T,
    3. Dai T,
    4. Zhao W,
    5. Li J,
    6. Xu R, et al.
    CHP2 promotes cell proliferation in breast cancer via suppression of FOXO3a. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16: 1512-1522.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  16. 16.
    1. Schmitt FC,
    2. Pereira EM,
    3. Andrade LM,
    4. Torresan M,
    5. de Lucca L
    . The proliferating cell nuclear antigen index in breast carcinomas does not correlate with mitotic index and estrogen receptor immunoreactivity. Pathol Res Pract 1994; 190: 786-791.
    OpenUrlPubMedWeb of Science
  17. 17.↵
    1. Batsakis JG,
    2. Sneige N,
    3. el-Naggar AK
    . Flow cytometric (DNA content and S-phase fraction) analysis of breast cancer. Cancer 1993; 71: 2151-2153.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  18. 18.↵
    1. Rüschoff J,
    2. Bittinger A,
    3. Neumann K,
    4. Schmitz-Moormann P
    . Prognostic significance of nucleolar organizing regions (NORs) in carcinomas of the sigmoid colon and rectum. Pathol Res Pract 1990; 186: 85-91.
    OpenUrlPubMedWeb of Science
  19. 19.↵
    1. Kobyakov D,
    2. Klimachev V,
    3. Avdalyan A,
    4. Bobrov I,
    5. Bychkova E,
    6. Kruglova N, et al.
    Association between argyrophilic proteins of nucleolar organizer regions, clinicomorphological parameters, and survival in non-small-cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer Int 2014; 2014: 891917.
    OpenUrl
  20. 20.
    1. Li Q,
    2. Hacker GW,
    3. Danscher G,
    4. Sonnleitner-Wittauer U,
    5. Grimelius L
    . Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions. A revised version of the Ag-NOR-staining technique. Histochem Cell Biol 1995; 104: 145-150.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  21. 21.↵
    1. Gajewska M,
    2. Rutkowska E,
    3. Kwiecień I,
    4. Rzepecki P,
    5. Sułek K
    . Analysis of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) in acute leukemia in adults. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12: 832.
    OpenUrl
  22. 22.
    1. Chalise S,
    2. Thapa S,
    3. Sayami G,
    4. Shrestha A
    . Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions of thyroid lesions on fi ne needle aspiration smears. J Pathol Nepal 2013; 3: 361-366.
    OpenUrl
  23. 23.↵
    1. Yoshida Y,
    2. Okamura T,
    3. Yano K,
    4. Kodate M,
    5. Oyama T,
    6. Inutsuka K, et al.
    A clinicopathological evaluation of nucleolar organizer region proteins in human breast carcinoma. Surg Oncol 1994; 3: 53-57.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  24. 24.↵
    1. Vuong B,
    2. Darbinian J,
    3. Savitz A,
    4. Odele P,
    5. Perry LM,
    6. Sandhu L, et al.
    Breast cancer recurrence by subtype in a diverse, contemporary cohort of young women. J Am Coll Surg 2023; 237: 13-23.
    OpenUrl
  25. 25.↵
    1. Abdulla KP,
    2. Augustine P,
    3. Radhakrishnan N,
    4. Bhargavan R,
    5. Krishna KMJ,
    6. Cherian K
    . Is young age an independent prognostic factor in carcinoma breast? A single-institution retrospective comparative study from South India. Indian J Surg Oncol 2022; 13: 783-788.
    OpenUrl
  26. 26.↵
    1. Raymond WA,
    2. Leong AS
    . Nucleolar organizer regions relate to growth fractions in human breast carcinoma. Hum Pathol 1989; 20: 741-746.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
Back to top

In this issue

Print
Download PDF
Email Article
Citation Tools
Bookmark this article

Jump to section

Keywords