A parasite that should not be neglected in geriatric individuals: Entamoeba histolytica

Selahattin Aydemir; Nuriz Ateş; Abdurrahman Ekici; Hasan Yilmaz

doi:10.15537/smj.2024.45.10.20240275

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Figure 1
- Diagram of the multiple correspondence analysis between Entamoeba histolytica positivity and the variables in all of the diarrhea patients. Dimension 1 explains 27.1% of the total change, while Dimension 2 explains 26.5% of the total change. E. histolytica: Entamoeba histolytica
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Figure 2
- Diagram of the multiple correspondence analysis between the variables in the Entamoeba histolytica-positive patients. Dimension 1 explains 33.7% of the total change, while Dimension 2 explains 27% of the total change.

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Table 1

- Evaluation of the gender, the presence of blood and mucus in the stool samples, and the presence of chronic diseases in the geriatric between the groups.

Variables	Geriatric group	CG1	CG2	P-values
Gender
Female	51 (53.1)	48 (52.2)	23 (46.0)	0.896
Male	45 (46.9)	44 (47.8)	27 (54.0)	0.896
Blood in the stool
Yes	78 (81.3)	67 (72.8)	0 (0.0)	0.169^*
No	18 (18.7)	25 (27.2)	50 (100)	0.169^*
Mucus in the stool
Yes	75 (78.1)	62 (67.4)	0 (0.0)	0.098^*
No	21 (21.9)	30 (32.6)	50 (100)	0.098^*
Chronic disease
Yes	10(10.4)	17 (18.5)	3 (6.0)	0.062^**
Cancer	4 (4.2)	9 (9.9)	0 (0.0)
Chronic kidney disease	1 (1.0)	4 (4.3)	0 (0.0)
Diabetes	5 (5.2)	4 (4.3)	3 (6.0)
No	86 (89.6)	75 (81.5)	48 (94.0)

Values are presented as numbers and percentages (%).

CG: control group

↵* The geriatric group was compared with the CG1.
↵** This value was calculated by taking into account the total number of individuals with chronic diseases between the groups.

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Table 2

- Distribution of the Entamoeba histolytica-positive patients according to the study group and gender.

Group	E. histolytica		Total	P-values
Group	Positive	Negative	Total	P-values
Research group
Geriatric group	30 (31.3)	66 (68.7)	96 (40.3)	0.004
CG1	13 (14.1)	79 (85.9)	92 (38.7)
CG2	0 (0.0)	50 (100)	50 (21.0)
Gender
Female	17 (13.9)	105 (86.1)	122 (51.3)	0.089
Male	26 (22.4)	90 (77.6)	116 (48.7)	0.089
Total	43 (18.1)	195 (81.9)	238 (100)

Values are presented as numbers and percentages (%).

E. histolytica: Entamoeba histolytica

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Table 3

- The relationship between the clinical findings in the geriatric group and Entamoeba histolytica.

Clinical symptoms	E. histolytica in the geriatric group		P-values
Clinical symptoms	Positive	Negative	P-values
Abdominal pain
Yes	13 (50.0)	13 (50.0)	0.016^*
No	17 (24.3)	53 (75.7)	0.016^*
Abdominal distension
Yes	9 (69.2)	4 (30.8)	0.001^**
No	21 (25.3)	62 (74.7)	0.001^**
Epigastric tenderness
Yes	9 (100)	-	0.001^**
No	21 (24.1)	66 (75.9)	0.001^**
Itching
Yes	3 (27.3)	8 (72.7)	0.999^**
No	27 (31.8)	58 (68.2)	0.999^**
Weight loss
Yes	10 (28.6)	25 (71.4)	0.668^*
No	20 (32.8)	41 (67.2)	0.668^*

Values are presented as numbers and percentages (%).

E. histolytica: Entamoeba histolytica

↵* Chi-square test.
↵** Fisher exact test.

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Table 4

- Comparison of Entamoeba histolytica positivity in the geriatric group with the CG1 according to chronic diseases.

Chronic diseases	Geriatric group		CG1		P-values^*
	E. histolytica
	Positive	Negative	Positive	Negative
Cancer	0 (0.0)	4 (100)	1 (11.1)	8 (88.9)	0.999
Chronic kidney disease	0 (0.0)	1 (100)	1 (25.0)	3 (75.0)	0.999
Diabetes	2 (40.0)	3 (60.0)	1 (25.0)	3 (75.0)	0.999
Total	2 (20.0)	8 (80.0)	3 (17.6)	14 (82.4)	0.999