Dense breast tissue in screened postmenopausal women: Prevalence and determinants

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Figure 1
- Flowchart outlining the eligibility requirements for study participants.
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Figure 2
- The Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS 4th edition scheme).
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Figure 3
- Breast density distribution (dense and non-dense breast tissue groups).

Table 1

- Population characteristics.

Characteristics	n (%)
Nationality
Saudi	280 (68.5)
Non-Saudi	129 (31.5)
Age at screening
≤49 years	17 (4.1)
50-54 years	190 (46.3)
55-59 years	114 (27.8)
≥60 years	89 (21.7)
Age at first pregnancy
≤21 years	194 (51.6)
>21 years	182 (48.4)
Age at menarche
<12 years	62 (15.8)
12-14 years	256 (65.3)
>14 years	74 (18.9)
Age at menopause
<45 years	40 (14.3)
≥45 years	240 (85.7)
Number of children
≤4	175 (46.5)
5-7	167 (44.4)
≥8	34 (9.0)
Breastfeeding
No	52 (12.7)
Yes	357 (87.3)
Hormonal replacement therapy
No	320 (79.0)
Yes	85 (21.0)
Family history of BC
No	327 (80.5)
Yes	79 (19.5)
Body mass index
Underweight	2 (0.6)
Normal weight	43 (12.6)
Obese	182 (53.5)
Overweight	113 (33.2)
Parity
No	33 (8.1)
Yes	376 (91.9)
Age (years), mean±SD	55.71±5.72
Age at first pregnancy (years), mean±SD	21.8±4.94
Age at menarche (years), mean±SD	12.9±1.74
Age at menopause (years), mean±SD	49.07±5.04
Body mass index (kg/m²), mean±SD	31.11±12.04

Values are presented as numbers and percentages (%) or mean ± standard deviation (SD).

BC: breast cancer

Table 2

- Differences in population characteristics by mammographic density status.

Population features	Dense breast tissue	Non-dense breast tissue	P-values
Nationality
Saudi	28 (54.9)	252 (70.4)	0.02
Non-Saudi	23 (45.1)	106 (29.6)	0.02
Age
≤49 years	3 (5.8)	14 (3.9)	0.15
50-54 years	31 (59.6)	159 (44.4)
55-59 years	10 (19.2)	104 (29.0)
≥60 years	8 (15.4)	81 (22.6)
Age at first pregnancy
≤21 years	20 (47.6)	174 (52.1)	0.58
>21 years	22 (52.3)	160 (47.9)	0.58
Age at menarche
<12 years	7 (14.0)	55 (16.1)	0.9
12-14 years	33 (66.0)	223 (65.2)
>14 years	10 (20.0)	64 (18.7)
Age at menopause
<45 years	7 (25.0)	33 (13.1)	0.08
≥45 years	21 (75.0)	219 (86.9)	0.08
Parity
No	11 (21.1)	22 (6.2)	<0.001
Yes	41 (78.8)	335 (93.8)	<0.001
Number of children
≤4	27 (65.8)	148 (44.2)	0.03
5-7	11 (26.8)	156 (46.5)
≥8	3 (7.31)	31 (9.2)
Breastfeeding
No	13 (25.0)	39 (10.9)	0.004
Yes	39 (75.0)	318 (89.1)	0.004
Hormonal replacement therapy
No	40 (76.9)	280 (79.3)	0.6
Yes	12 (23.1)	73 (20.7)	0.6
Family history of BC
No	41 (78.8)	286 (80.7)	0.7
Yes	11 (21.1)	68 (19.2)	0.7
Body mass index
Normal weight	11 (25.5)	32 (10.8)	0.03
Obese	17 (39.5)	165 (55.5)
Overweight	15 (34.8)	98 (32.9)
Underweight	0 (0.0)	2 (0.6)

Values are presented as numbers and percentages (%).

BC: breast cancer

Table 3

- Predictors of dense breast tissue among postmenopausal women.